摘要
研究目的:审视宅基地使用权流转纠纷典型案件,为宅基地“三权分置”改革提供法制化改造路径。研究方法:案例分析法、归纳演绎法。研究结果:司法理论上,现行《物权法》、2004版《土地管理法》以保障农户生存发展权为立法原意,虽将宅基地使用权认定为用益物权,却限制了宅基地收益权能的实现。2019版《土地管理法》虽允许宅基地有偿退出与盘活利用,但框定受让范围与主体也扼制其收益权能的变现;司法实务上,宅基地使用权转让纠纷的裁判结果趋于一致,而农民渴求土地变现并自发流转宅基地的行为,往往会跨出司法审判严格框定的允许范围。研究结论:宅基地“三权分置”是彰显宅基地私益财产属性的可行路径,在立法技术上亟待将宅基地“三权分置”政策言语转换为法律语言,进而在农民集体、农民个人及社会主体间形成三权兼顾的清晰配置格局。
The purposes of this paper are to examine the typical cases of disputes over the transfer of rural residential land use right,and to provide a legalization path for the reform of tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land.The research methods include case analysis and inductive deduction.The research results show that:in the legal theory,the current Property Law and Land Administration Law take the rural residential land use right to protect the survival and development of farmers as the legislative intent,specifically regarding as rural residential land use right as a usufructuary right.However,it limits the realization of the income of rural residential land.The Land Administration Law enacted in 2019 allows the exit and redevelopment of rural residential land for profits,but the scope of transfer and the subject are still limited,which restrains the market value realization of rural residential land.In the legal practice,most of the transfer contracts regarding rural residential land use right are invalid and the results of the referees tend to be consistent.However,farmers’desire for realizing land revenue and the transfer of rural residential land often exceeds the strict jurisdiction of judicial trials.In conclusion,tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land is a feasible way to highlight the private property of rural residential land.In the legislative technology,it is urgent to convert the policy of tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land into the legal language,which can be used in the village collectives and individual farmers.A clear configuration pattern of tripartite entitlement system can be formed among social subjects.
作者
李丽
吕晓
张全景
LI Li;LYU Xiao;ZHANG Quanjing(College of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;College of Geography and Tourism,Qufu Normal University,Rizhao 276800,China)
出处
《中国土地科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期16-23,共8页
China Land Science
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(19BJY121)。
关键词
土地法学
“三权分置”
宅基地使用权
流转
法权构造
李玉兰案
land law
tripartite entitlement system
rural residential land use right
transfer
legal rights construction
LI Yulan case
