摘要
针对放射性从业人员对辐射防护的需求,柔性防护材料无铅化在保障对X射线有效屏蔽的同时,亦可避免铅中毒对人体的危害。X射线不同能区的最优屏蔽材料设计,可满足工作人员在不同工作场所下对防护装置的高效和舒适性要求。本文通过理论计算与蒙特卡罗模拟相结合方法,针对不同X射线场所下的防护材料进行设计计算,结果显示:掺Bi是掺Pb的理想替代,Bi2O3可作为无铅功能填充材料的理想选择;利用不同元素在X射线低能区的强吸收作用,掺入多种元素可增强某能段的X射线吸收能力。制作无铅防护材料时,掺入Bi2O3、Gd2O3两种功能材料可有效提升复合材料对X射线的吸收效果,在54~66 keV能量区间具有最优的屏蔽性能;掺入Bi2O3、W两种功能材料的复合材料在66~100 keV能量区间,对X射线的屏蔽效果显著提升。
[Background]The number of radioactive practitioners has increased rapidly due to the wide application of X-ray,resulting in widespread attention to radiation protection.Lead is commonly used as a shielding material,but is extremely toxic and harmful to human health.The lead-based protective clothing on the market is too heavy and uncomfortable to wear.[Purpose]This study aims to design flexible composites of lead-free for shielding X-ray of different energy ranges and evaluating its shielding effect.[Methods]The X-ray mass attenuation coefficients of high atomic number materials were calculated according to National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)method.Hence,the ideal functional fillers were selected as shielding materials instead of lead.The MCNP5 code was employed to evaluate protective performance of lead-free flexible composites consisting of various doped metal elements with high atomic number.[Results]Simulation results show that Bi doping is an ideal substitute for Pb doping,and Bi2O3 can be used as the first-rate functional filler in lead-free flexible composites.Shielding performance of the composite doped with Bi2O3 and Gd2O3 is obviously improved during the energy of 54~66 keV whilst the composites doped with Bi2O3 and W functional fillers achieve the best X-ray attenuation at around 70 keV of X-ray.[Conclusions]A variety of bismuth-based flexible composites have been designed to replace lead-based materials.Bi2O3 is the optimal filling material for X-ray scattering energy less than 54 keV,incorporation of two functional materials,Bi2O3 and Gd2O3,can effectively improve the absorption effect of the composites for X-ray scattering energy in range of 54~66 keV.In the energy range of 66~100 keV,incorporation of two functional materials,Bi2O3 and W,is the optimal filling method whilst it is best to fill Bi2O3 alone to shield X-ray scattering energy greater than 100 keV.
作者
闫思齐
成鹏
于广益
刘汉洲
费楚然
欧阳晓平
YAN Siqi;CHENG Peng;YU Guangyi;LIU Hanzhou;FEI Churan;OUYANG Xiaoping(State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection,School of Radiation Medicine and Protection,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,Suzhou 215123,China;CGN Advanced Materials Technology(Suzhou)Co.,Ltd.,Taicang 215421,China;Life Evaluation and Management Technology of Nonmetal Materials Lab,CGN National R and D Center,Suzhou 215400,China)
出处
《核技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期8-13,共6页
Nuclear Techniques
基金
国家自然科学青年基金(No.11605120)
苏州大学放射医学与辐射防护国家重点实验室(No.GZN1201801)。
关键词
无铅
柔性材料
辐射防护
不同X射线能量
Lead-free
Flexible material
Radiation protection
Different X-ray energy
