摘要
对比研究高密度城市和低密度城市的蔓延特征有助于为城市规划和管理提供参考。以人口超过100万的12个中国城市、9个美国城市为样本城市,采用圈层分析法和反S方程,对比分析1990、2000和2014年以中国为代表的高密度城市和以美国为代表的低密度城市的蔓延特征。结果表明:①同等人口规模下,中国城市的建设用地面积较小,但土地扩张速度快。中国和美国城市的土地扩张分别主要发生在郊区和城市内部。②中国城市相对更为紧凑。高密度松散的城市土地扩张趋于紧凑,低密度城市蔓延程度在降低。③高、低密度城市的总体人口密度都呈下降趋势。高密度的中国城市尽管空间形态更紧凑,人口密度下降得较快,有必要遏制中国的城市蔓延趋势。④空间紧凑的城市人口密度下降得较慢;蔓延和紧凑的空间增长使高密度城市的人口密度下降变快和变慢,而对低密度城市没有表现出显著影响。
Research on differences of urban sprawl characteristics of high-density cities and low-density cities will help to provide reference for urban planning and management.In this paper,we take 12 Chinese cities and 9 American cities with a population of more than 1 million as sample cities.Based on circle analysis method and inverse S-shaped function,this paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of urban sprawl of high-density cities represented by Chinese cities and low-density cities represented by American cities in 1990,2000 and 2014,from two aspects of land expansion and population density change.The results show that:1)Under the same population size,the built-up land area of Chinese cities is smaller,but the land expansion rate is faster than American cities.The land expansion of Chinese cities and American cities mainly occurs in the suburbs and the interior of cities respectively.2)Chinese cities are more compact than American cities.The land expansion of loose high-density cities tend to be compact.In low-density cities,Raleigh has become more loose and other cities'sprawl degree has reduced.3)The overall population density of high-density cities and low-density cities is both declining.Although high-density Chinese cities are more compact in space,their population density declines faster.It means that it is necessary to curb the sprawl trend of Chinese cities.4)The population density of compact cities declines more slowly;In high-density cities,the sprawl of land has made population density fall faster,and the compact space growth has slowed down the decline rate of population density.However,the sprawl or compactness of land has no significant effect on the change of population density in low-density cities.
作者
王雪
焦利民
董婷
WANG Xue;JIAO Limin;DONG Ting(School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System,Ministry of Education,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期70-78,88,共10页
Economic Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41971368)。
关键词
城市蔓延
圈层分析
反S方程
土地扩张
人口密度
城市边界
urban sprawl
circle analysis
inverse S-shaped function
land expansion
population density
urban boundary
