摘要
强风停机状态下叶片位置会显著影响风力机塔架的绕流及稳定性能。以南京航空航天大学自主研发的3 MW水平轴风力机为研究对象,采用CFD方法对叶片单个旋转周期间8个停机位置下风力机塔架-叶片体系的流场进行数值模拟,并与规范曲线进行对比验证数值方法的有效性。此外,结合有限元方法计算不同停机位置下风力机体系动力特性、静风响应、屈曲稳定性能和极限承载力。在此基础上,提炼出停机状态下叶片位置对风力机体系风致响应和稳定性能的演化规律,归纳总结出此类风力机体系风致失稳破坏的最不利控制工况。研究表明:在风力机叶片的1个旋转周期内,当叶片与塔架完全重合(即工况1)时,体系气动性能最差但静风响应较小;随着叶片顺时针旋转,其风致稳定性能呈现先增大后减小的规律,在工况3处其临界失稳风速达到最大,在工况6处临界失稳风速最小。同时研究发现:风力机塔架与叶片的耦合效应会产生一种能显著提高体系极限承载能力的"逆向效应",并且随着叶片对塔架遮挡面积的减小,该"逆向效应"愈加显著。
The flow and stability for tower of the wind turbine will be affected significantly by stopped positions under strong winds. Taking the horizontal axis wind turbine of 3 MW as the research object which was researched and developed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,the flow field for the wind turbine system besides rotation cycle of single blade was simulated by the method of CFD under different stopped positions. And the numerical simulation results were compared with standard curves to verify the validity of the numerical method. In addition,dynamic characteristics,static wind responses,the bearing capacity of buckling and ultimate performance were calculated combined with the finite element method. On this basis,the law of wind-induced response and stable performance of the wind turbine system changed with the stopped positions was derived,and the most unfavorable condition to control the wind-induced failure for the wind turbine system was summarized. Research shows that,when the blade and tower overlap completely,the aerodynamic performance of the system was the worst but the wind-induced response was the least in a period of rotation of the wind turbine blade. With the blade clockwise,the wind-induced stability increases first and then decrease,the status of the 3 critical speed reaches the maximum,the status of the 6 was the minimum. At the same time,the study found that,the coupling effect of the wind turbine tower and blade will have a"reverse effect",which could improve the ultimate bearing capacity significantly. And with the blade of the tower block area decreased,the"reverse effect"had become more and more obvious.
作者
柯世堂
徐璐
王同光
葛耀君
Ke Shitang;Xu Lu;Wang Tongguang;Ge Yaojun(Department of Civil Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research far Wind Turbine Design,Nanjing university of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co.,LTD.,Guangzhou 510730,China;State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering,Tongji University Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《太阳能学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期264-272,共9页
Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金NSFC-RGC合作研究项目(5171101042)
国家重点基础研究发展(973)计划(2014CB046200)
江苏省优秀青年基金(BK20160083)
博士后科学基金(2015T80551)
江苏高校“青蓝工程”
江苏省六大人才高峰高层次人才计划(JZ-026)。
关键词
风力机
数值模拟
停机位置
结构动力响应
极限承载力
风致稳定性
wind turbine
numerical simulation
stopped positions
ultimate bearing capacity
wind-induced stability
