摘要
2018年以来,美国政府对中美科技交流采取了一系列限制性措施,试图对中国采取"脱钩"策略。该策略使中美科技关系发生了历史性变化。美国政府试图阻碍中美在技术、数据、资金、市场、人才方面的自由流动,从而改变中美科技合作的基本逻辑。美国采取这一策略源于多重深层动因,包括对中国前沿技术发展产生安全威胁认知,将中国视为美国在全球科技外交中的竞争者,推动科技产业链"回流"和两国产业竞争态势加强。"脱钩"是美国采取的竞争策略之一,其目的是在中美国家创新体系竞争中占据有利地位。但是,"脱钩"策略本身存在局限性,不一定能够让美国得偿所愿。这些局限性也为两国缓和竞争关系提供了空间。
The US government has adopted a series of coercive measures on Sino-US science and technology exchanges in an attempt to promote a decoupling strategy since 2018.This strategy has resulted in historic changes in Sino-US science and technology relations.The US government attempts to obstruct the free flow of technology,data,capital,markets,and talent between China and the United States,and to change the basic logic of Sino-US scientific and technological cooperation.The decoupling strategy stems from multiple deep-seated motives,including the perception of security threats to China’s cutting-edge technology development,treating China as a competitor in global science and technology diplomacy,and promoting the backflow of the technology industry chain and the strengthening of industrial competition between the two countries.The purpose of decoupling is to occupy a favorable position in the competition of national innovation systems between the two countries.However,this strategy has its own limitations,which may not allow the United States to achieve what it wants.These limitations also provide a space for the two countries to ease their competitive relationship.
出处
《现代国际关系》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期33-40,32,60,共10页
关键词
中美关系
科技竞争
出口管制
数字经济
Sino-US relations
technological competition
export control
digital economy
