摘要
雅鲁藏布江流域地处青藏高原,近年来受极端天气影响,该流域的径流演变过程以及水文循环过程各要素之间的响应关系已成为目前研究的热点问题.本文利用雅鲁藏布江流域5个水文站60a(1956-2015年)年、月流量资料,对各站流量进行趋势分析及突变检验,并对径流演变的主要驱动因子进行相关性分析;正态化处理各站实测流量计算出流量的丰枯指数Z,将丰枯指数Z划分为7个等级,并对Z指数进行突变检验.结果显示,年平均流量除奴各沙和唐加站为减少趋势,其他3站为增加趋势,且近十几年来雅江流域水枯现象有缓解或有向平水或丰水方向发展的微弱趋势;通过分析月尺度径流丰枯等级发现,多数站点冬、春季水量偏丰,且各站Z指数在7月份有增加趋势,而8月份却为减少的趋势.本文对于认识雅鲁藏布江流域气候与水文特征以及雅鲁藏布江流域防洪抗旱的预警预报具有重要的指导作用.
The Yarlung Zangbo River Basin located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has in recent years been affected by extreme weathers.Runoff evolution and responding relationship between various elements of the hydrological cycle in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin have been intensively studied.Long-term trends and change-points of runoff at five hydrological stations in Yarlung Zangbo River Basin in the 60 years from 1956-2015 were detected and correlation analysis of main driving factors of runoff evolution was carried out.Runoff index Z was calculated by normalizing measured runoff at each station.Runoff index Z was divided into 7 grades,before change-points of Z-index were tested.The annual average discharge was found to increase with exception at Nugesha and Tangjia stations.In the last ten years,water drought had been alleviated or a weak trend of water abundance was found.Analysis of monthly runoff abundance and decline grades revealed that most stations showed abundant water in winter and spring.Z-index of each station increased in July,but decreased in August.This work has shed new light on climate and hydrological characteristics of Yarlung Zangbo River Basin and will likely play a some role in early warning and forecasting of floods and droughts in the basin.
作者
白君瑞
徐宗学
班春广
刘江涛
张瑞
BAI Junrui;XU Zongxue;BAN Chunguang;LIU Jiangtao;ZHANG Rui(College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology,100875,Beijing,China)
出处
《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期715-723,共9页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点资助项目（91647202）
关键词
径流趋势
Z指数
丰枯特征
雅鲁藏布江
runoff trend
Z-index
runoff abundance and dryness
Yarlung Zangbo River Basin
