摘要
甘蔗是世界上主要的糖料和重要的能源作物,通过有性杂交创制优异种质进而获得优异品种是甘蔗种质开发利用的有效途径。甘蔗高贵化是甘蔗野生种质开发利用的重要理论基础,它的提出极大地促进了甘蔗的育种进程。热带种和割手密作为甘蔗杂交的重要起始亲本,在高贵化中占据极其重要的地位。在高贵化过程中,通过不断地杂交与回交富集高贵种的高糖和高产基因,同时渗入野生种质的高抗和耐逆血缘,以获得综合性状优良的甘蔗品种。分子细胞学是鉴定种质高贵化是否成功和解释其遗传机制的主要技术手段,可大大缩短甘蔗育种周期。本研究综述了割手密高贵化的发展过程及其相关的分子细胞学研究进展,并对其发展前景进行了探讨。
Sugarcane is a main sugar crop worldwide and also an important energy crop.The sexual hybridization is an effective way to breed new varieties through pyramiding elite germplasm.The nobilization theory is theoretical basis,which have been greatly promoted the process of sugarcane breeding,for the development and utilization of sugarcane wild germplasm.As backbone parents,both S.officinarum and S.spontaneum played extremely important roles in nobilization breeding process.In order to obtain sugarcane varieties with great comprehensive performance,high sugar and high yield formation derived from noble species could be enriched through hybridization and backcross.Meanwhile,high resistance and tolerance genes of wild species could also be pyramided during the process of nobilization.In addition,molecular cytology is the main method for determining the successful and explaining the genetic mechanism of nobilization that also greatly reduce the breeding process.In this review,the progress of the nobilization and molecular cytology of sugarcane S.officinarum and S.spontaneum,were reviewed.Furthermore,the prospect on their development in the future is also discussed.
作者
柴进
余凡
谢树伟
黄飞
邓祖湖
杨永庆
CHAI Jin;YU Fan;XIE Shuwei;HUANG Fei;DENG Zuhu;YANG Yongqing(National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第S01期386-393,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31571730
31401440)
福建省科技重大专题(2015NZ0002-2)
福建省自然科学基金(2016J01094)
国家甘蔗产业体系专项资金(CARS-20-1-5)
关键词
甘蔗
割手密
热带种
高贵化
分子细胞学
Sugarcane
Saccharum officinarum
Saccharum spontaneum
Nobilization
Molecular cytogenetics
