摘要
我国聚氨酯泡沫塑料产销量占聚氨酯合成材料的40%以上,由于其孔状结构及表观密度低的特性,以及软泡的高回弹及硬泡的保温隔热等优点,而广泛应用于日常生活和工业生产等各个领域。但是,由于聚氨酯泡沫塑料是一种有机高分子材料,它的氧指数低(18%左右),易燃,导致其存在火灾危险及应用受限。从添加型阻燃剂、反应型阻燃剂、纳米阻燃剂和生物基阻燃剂来阐述聚氨酯泡沫阻燃的研究进展。首先介绍了阻燃聚氨酯泡沫塑料阻燃剂及作用机理,其次综述了国内外关于聚氨酯泡沫阻燃改性研究进展,最后对聚氨酯泡沫在阻燃方面的发展前景进行了展望。
Polyurethane foams occupy a large proportion of all synthetic polyurethane materials.Because of pore like structure,relatively low density,high specific strength,wear resistance and thermal insulation,they have been used widely in various fields such as daily life and industrial production.However,polyurethane foams are a type of organic polymer materials with relatively low(about 18%)oxygen index,so it is combustible in air,which limits their application.If the flame retardancy of polyurethane can be improved in some way,the application range of polyurethane can be further expanded.In this review,the research progress of flame retardancy of polyurethane foam is described from aspects of adding flame retardants,reactive flame retardants,nano flame retardants and biological based flame retardants.the flame-retardant mechanisms are introduced first and the research progress of polyurethane foam flame retardant modification at home and abroad is comprehensively summerized.Finally,the development prospect of polyurethane foam in flame retardancy is discussed.
作者
张旭
李森
朱泽宇
王志
谢华
ZHANG Xu;LI Sen;ZHU Ze-yu;WANG Zhi;XIE Hua(School of Safety Engineering,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136 China;Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136 China)
出处
《沈阳航空航天大学学报》
2019年第6期80-90,共11页
Journal of Shenyang Aerospace University
基金
某部委民机专项(项目编号:***)
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(项目编号:20180551019)
关键词
聚氨酯泡沫
阻燃剂
阻燃机理
改性多元醇
研究进展
polyurethane foam
flame retardant
flame-retardant mechanism
modified polyol
research progress
