摘要
云和降水区微波观测包含大量与天气系统,特别是台风、暴雨等灾害性天气系统发生发展密切相关的大气信息,因此微波资料的全天候同化应用成为当前数值预报领域的热点研究问题。过去20年间,全球几大数值预报中心逐步开展了全天候同化技术的研究和业务应用,证实了全天候卫星微波观测资料能够改进模式中的质量、风场、湿度以及云和降水场的初始信息,从而改进数值预报模式的预报效果。通过梳理和评述全天候卫星微波观测资料同化方法,分析其中的关键技术问题和目前存在的困难和挑战,为未来在我国数值天气预报领域开展全天候同化研究提供依据。随着我国新一代数值天气预报模式的发展应用,加强我国全天候资料同化技术的研究将会在业务中发挥更大的科学效益和应用效益。
As the important components of the earth’s atmospheric system,cloud and precipitation strongly affect the global hydrology and energy cycles through the interaction of solar and infrared radiation with cloud droplets and the release of latent heat in precipitation development.The microwave observations in cloudy and rainy conditions have a large amount of information closely related to the development of weather systems,especially the severe weather systems like typhoon and rainstorm.Nevertheless,satellite microwave observations are usually only assimilated in clear-sky above the ocean and their cloud and precipitation content is discarded.Over the past two decades,several Numerical Weather Prediction(NWP)centers have gradually developed the"all-sky"approach to make use of the cloud-and precipitation-affected microwave radiances.It’s been proved that the all-sky assimilation can be used to improve the first guessed mass,wind,humidity,cloud and precipitation through the tracer effect.For providing an investigated reference for the future research of all-weather assimilation in domestic numerical weather forecast,this paper reviewed the all-sky assimilation methods using microwave observation data,analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of each method,and discussed the key technical problems and the existing difficulties and challenges in this field.With the development and application of the new generation of NWP model in China,advancing the domestic research of all-weather data assimilation technology will bring more scientific and practical benefits in the future.
作者
窦芳丽
陆其峰
郭杨
Dou Fangli;Lu Qifeng;Guo Yang(Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environment Satellites,National Satellite Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081.China)
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期1120-1130,共11页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“全天候同化中高频微波散射辐射传输模式的改进研究”（编号：41905034）资助~~
