摘要
针对人工监测奶牛发情费时、费力,仅依靠活动量和非接触式视频监测无法实现奶牛安静发情预警的问题,根据奶牛发情时阴道粘液生理特征变化,提出基于奶牛阴道电阻变化的奶牛发情监测方案。设计了由黄铜电阻探头、8爪防滑装置构成的奶牛阴道植入式电阻传感器,对阴道电阻值进行采集。借助2.4 GHz的ZigBee网络开发了无线传输系统,将阴道电阻无线传送给协调器节点,协调器经由RS485总线传输到监控中心。开发了奶牛阴道电阻上位机实时监测系统,实现了奶牛阴道电阻的精确采集和远程实时监测。分别对植入式电阻传感器和监测系统进行了准确性、稳定性、可靠性及能量可用性试验,结果表明,植入式电阻传感器电阻测量探头体积小、安装方便,可测定1~1000Ω范围的电阻,测量精度在±2%以内,24 h内电阻最大波动为2Ω;在450 m^2奶牛养殖区范围内,ZigBee网络数据发送成功率不低于98.5%;植入式电阻传感器终端节点在7.4 V/6500 mA·h锂电池能量供应下可连续工作38 d。监测系统运行稳定,能够精确、可靠、实时地监测奶牛阴道电阻的变化,为奶牛发情程度和排卵时间的准确预测提供了一种新的监测方法。
The timely and accurate identification of estrus in dairy cows is an important basis for improving the success rate of artificial insemination and conception rate.Artificial estrus monitoring of dairy cows is time-consuming and laborious,and activity and non-contact video monitoring cannot achieve calm estrus early warning.To solve these problems,based on the physiological changes of vaginal mucus during estrus in dairy cows,an estrus monitoring scheme for dairy cows was proposed based on the changes of vaginal resistance.An implantable resistance sensor for dairy cow vagina was designed to collect the value of vaginal resistance,which consisted of a brass resistance probe and an 8-claw anti-skid device.The wireless transmission system was developed with the help of 2.4 GHz ZigBee network,which transmitted the vaginal resistance value to the coordinator node wirelessly,and the coordinator was transmitted to the monitoring center via RS485 bus.A real-time monitoring system for vaginal resistance of dairy cows was developed,which realized the accurate collection and remote real-time monitoring of vaginal resistance of dairy cows.The accuracy,stability,reliability and energy availability of the implantable resistance sensor and monitoring system were tested respectively.The results showed that the implanted resistance sensor was easy to install and light in weight,and could measure resistance in the range of 1~1000Ω.The measurement accuracy was less than±2%and the maximum fluctuation of resistance in 24 h was 2Ω.In a 450 m^2 dairy farming area,the success rate of ZigBee network data transmission was not less than 98.5%.The implantable sensor terminal node could work continuously for 38 d with 7.4 V/6500 mA·h lithium battery energy supply.The monitoring system ran stably and could monitor the change of vaginal resistance of dairy cows accurately,reliably and in real time.The research can provide a new method for accurate prediction of estrus degree and ovulation time of dairy cows,and also provide reference for estrus detection of other animals.
作者
刘忠超
何东健
LIU Zhongchao;HE Dongjian(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Nanyang Institute of Technology,Nanyang 473000,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期175-185,共11页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701603)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(61473235)
