摘要
小麦是中国重要粮食作物之一,随着中国林下经济的迅速发展和气候变化造成太阳总辐射量的下降,筛选出合适的耐阴小麦品种和建立健全林下种植小麦的配套栽培技术成为当务之急。笔者总结了遮阴对小麦生理特性和籽粒品质影响的研究进展,讨论了适合遮阴条件种植的小麦品种应具有的生理特征和采取的栽培措施,指出遮阴处理后优选小麦叶片能维持较高的实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)和抗氧化酶活性(清除O^2-和OH·活性氧自由基)等生理特征,以及灌浆速度快的小麦品种,施以垄作和合理氮肥运筹可以获取良好的经济效益。最后展望了小麦良种良法配套在林木、果树和小麦复合种植系统中的应用前景。
Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in China. With the rapid development of under-growth economy and the downward trend of total sunlight radiation due to climate change, it is important to select wheat variety with shading tolerance and establish effective cultivation techniques for under-growth wheat. The authors introduced the research progress of the effects on the physiological characteristics and grain quality of wheat by shading, and discussed physiological characteristics and corresponding cultivation measures of wheat varieties suitable for shading. It is pointed out that wheat varieties with the leaf of high actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSⅡ) and high antioxidant enzyme activities for scavenging oxygen species(O^2-and OH·) and with faster grain filling rate and so on should be selected in the shading treatment. At the same time, ridge planting and rational nitrogen application can achieve good economic benefits. Finally, the application of the improved cultivation method with better wheat varieties in the agro-forestry systems is prospected.
作者
高振贤
班进福
曹巧
单子龙
赵彦坤
田国英
史占良
常旭虹
Gao Zhenxian;Ban Jinfu;Cao Qiao;Shan Zilong;Zhao Yankun;Tian Guoying;Shi Zhanliang;Chang Xuhong(Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050041;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2019年第35期11-15,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划“小麦优质高产品种筛选及其配套栽培技术”(2016YFD0300407)
石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划“利用分子标记技术筛选品种及绿色高效栽培技术研究与示范”(181490392A)
关键词
遮阴
小麦
生理
品质
shading
wheat
physiology
quality
