摘要
通常认为,老子思想以形上之道为核心,"道"是先在的、绝对的、不可言说的、抽象的存在,即使"道"生成万物,也是"生而不有,为而不恃"的超然存在,不落于具体的人、事、物。但细读《道德经》发现,《道德经》基本是以王侯为言说对象,"道"只是他思考问题的理论前提和依据,切实解决现实问题,特别是现实政治问题才是他的重点。在《道德经》中老子反复告诫统治者"天之道,利而不害",提示统治者获"利"须顺应"道",在"无为而无不为"中实现利,具体可以柔、俭、不争的方式实施,这是老子为他心中理想的统治者设计的一整套获"利"指南,也是从这个意义上,《道德经》成为"君人南面之术"。
It is generally recognized that one of the core ideas in Laozi’s work is the metaphysical"Tao"-the"Tao"being an antecedent,absolute,ineffable,abstract being.Even though the"Tao"is the creator of the cosmos and the world,it is still a Transcendental Being meaning"it gives them life,but does not take possession of them;it acts,but does not appropriate"and does not exist in concrete things.However,when we peruse the Tao Te Ching,we find that it is not a metaphysical work at heart but is actually aimed at the ruling class;the"Tao"is just the theoretical premise and basis for thinking about problems and solving real political issues.In the Tao Te Ching,Laozi repeatedly tells the ruling class that"The way of heaven is to benefit others and not to injure",and warned them that in order to benefit,one must follow the"Tao"and the principal of"action through inaction",which can be achieved through Softness,Frugality and Humility.Through these principles,Laozi’s ideal ruler can implement his system and receive benefits.In that sense,Tao Te Ching can be called the"tactics of governing the country".
作者
王雅
于昶
Wang Ya;Yu Chang
出处
《社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第12期110-117,共8页
Journal of Social Sciences
关键词
老子
道
利
Laozi
Tao
Benefit
