摘要
为了消减畜禽粪污资源化利用过程中面临的重金属和抗生素污染风险,利用不同农林废弃物(竹屑、木屑、米糠和稻壳)在600℃下共热解的方式对鸡粪进行安全处置。结果表明:鸡粪与农林废弃物共热解所得生物炭的产率、灰分和挥发分降低,N和S的含量减少,固定碳、C和H的含量增加;随着农林废弃物添加比例的升高,共热解所得生物炭的pH、电导率和阳离子交换量降低。鸡粪与竹屑、木屑、米糠和稻壳共热解可以显著降低生物炭中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb(除鸡粪木屑炭中的As和Pb之外)的含量,其中Cu和Zn的下降最为显著;鸡粪与竹屑共热解可以促进As向残渣态转化,鸡粪木屑炭中Ni和Cd的生物可利用态比例降低,鸡粪米糠炭中Cu和鸡粪稻壳炭中Zn的残渣态比例升高;共热解所得的生物炭中所有重金属的浸出浓度都远低于标准USEPA 1993的浓度限值,不会产生浸出毒性;鸡粪与农林废弃物共热解的中试试验结果与实验室结果相似。中试共热解所得的生物炭中4种典型抗生素泰乐菌素(TYL)、四环素(TC)、磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)和磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)的去除率均达到了100%。
To reduce the risk of heavy metals and antibiotics pollution in the process of resource utilization of livestock feces, chicken manure, and agricultural or forestry wastes(bamboo chips, sawdust, chaff, and rice husk)were co-pyrolyzed at 600 ℃ for the safe disposal of chicken manure. The results showed the co-pyrolysis of chicken manure and agricultural or forestry wastes could reduce the biochar yield,ash content, and volatile matter;the content of N and S decreased, and the content of fixed carbon, C, and H increased. The pH, electrical conductance, and cation exchange capacity of biochar obtained by co-pyrolysis decreased with the increase in the proportion of agricultural or forestry wastes. Co-pyrolysis of chicken manure with bamboo sawdust, sawdust, chaff, and rice husk could significantly reduce the total concentration of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb(except As and Pb in biochar derived from co-pyrolysis of chicken manure and sawdust).Among them, the decrease in Cu and Zn was the most significant. Co-pyrolysis of chicken manure and bamboo chips could promote the transformation of As to the residual fraction. The proportion of bioavailable forms of Ni and Cd in biochar derived from co-pyrolysis of chicken manure and sawdust decreased. The residual fractions of Cu in chicken manure-chaff biochar and Zn in chicken manure-rice husk increased. The leaching concentrations of all heavy metals in all co-pyrolysis biochars were far below the concentration limit of USEPA 1993, which indicated no leaching toxicity. The results of the pilot-scale test were similar to those of the laboratory-scale test. The removal rates of tylosin, tetracycline, sulfadiazine, and sulfamethoxazole in the pilot biochars were all 100%.
作者
田仁强
谢胜禹
李春星
曹志洪
余广炜
汪印
TIAN Ren-qiang;XIE Sheng-yu;LI Chun-xing;CAO Zhi-hong;YU Guang-wei;WANG Yin(CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期2619-2631,共13页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项(XDA23030301)
中日政府间国际科技创新合作重点项目(2016YFE0118000)
天津市重点研发计划项目(16YFXTSF00420)~~
关键词
鸡粪
农林废弃物
热解
重金属固化
抗生素分解
chicken manure
agricultural or forestry wastes
pyrolysis
heavy metals immobilization
antibiotics decomposition
