摘要
山区城市受地形地貌条件的限制,面临建设用地不足、交通拥挤、人口密集的压力,地表空间严重短缺。然而,特殊的地形地貌与地质环境条件却有利于地下空间的开发利用。地下空间将成为山区城市发展中的一种宝贵资源。本文以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的延安市为例,基于地形、岩土、水文地质和地质灾害等地质环境条件,并考虑文物保护区及城市功能设施、空间需求及经济因素,评估了延安市区376.68 km^2地下空间天然资源量、可开发资源量,对河谷以下50 m及川道两侧1 km内的地下空间资源适宜性进行了定性评估。结果表明,延安市地下空间资源丰富;地下空间天然资源量、可开发资源量约为188.35、174.48亿方;地下0^-10 m,-10^-30 m,-30^-50 m适宜开发的地下空间资源量分别为23.25、11.52、1.44亿方,较适宜开发的分别为4.18、62.44、71.65亿方,沿川道两侧适宜开发的侧向山体空间资源量为12.29亿方,较适宜开发的资源量为81.50亿方;延安市围岩类别自Ⅱ-Ⅵ级,其中Ⅱ-Ⅳ级围岩工程性质良好,有利于地下空间开发。本文提出了"垂向地下+侧向山体"地下空间组合开发的理念,同时提出了延安市地面建设和地下空间协同开发方案,这将成为延安乃至其他山区城市发展的一种新模式。
The development in mountain cities are impeded by topographical and geomorphological conditions and most of them are arrested by insufficient construction land, traffic congestion and overloaded population, and now serious shortage of surface space continue to plague economy in mountain cities. Nevertheless, special topography and geo-environmental conditions in mountain cities are conducive to exploration into underground space, which will have become a valuable resource in the development of mountain cities. Taking Yan’an City in the hilly and gully areas of the Loess Plateau as an example, in this paper it introduced a concept of "underground downwards + hillside lateral" for advocating a combined utilization of underground space in mountain cities. In view of the geo-environmental conditions including topography, geotechnical and hydrogeological conditions and geohazard occurrences, and considering cultural relic protection sites and urban functional facilities, as well as space layout and economic concerns, the natural resources and exploitable resources in underground spaces within 376.68 km^2 of urban district of Yan’an were evaluated for knowledge. And the availability of underground space resources within 50 m below river valley and spaces in mountain massif within 1 km on both sides of valley roads was qualitatively evaluated. Results showed that the quantity of natural space resources and the available resources in Yan’an was about 18.835 billion cubic meters and 17.448 billion cubic meters, respectively;In the depth of 0^-10 m,-10^-30 m,-30^-50 m, the volume of underground space resources favorable to exploitation was 2.325 billion cubic meters, 1.152 billion cubic meters and 144 million cubic meters, respectively;and correspondingly the amount accessible(sub-favorable) to exploitation was 418 million cubic meters, 6.244 billion cubic meters and 7.165 billion cubic meters, respectively. The bulk of space resources in valley massif within 1 km along both sides of valley roads was 1.229 billion cubic meters favorable to development, with a volume of 8.150 billion cubic meters accessible(sub-favorable) to exploitation. Generally, there are abundant underground space resources. Yan’an City’s surrounding rocks were classified as Class Ⅱ-Ⅵ, among which the Class Ⅱ-Ⅳ have fine engineering properties and are suitable to underground space exploration. In this research, a coordinated development plan characterized by combination of surface construction and underground space utilization in Yan’an City was proposed and it could serve as a new model to solve the development problem of Yan’an as well as other mountain cities which facing the similar issue of city expansion due to surface space restriction.
作者
张茂省
李同录
程秀娟
孙萍萍
李强
乔志甜
赵权利
ZHANG Maosheng;LI Tonglu;CHENG Xiujuan;SUN Pingping;LI Qiang;QIAO Zhitian;ZHAO Quanli(Xi'an Center of Geological Survey, CGS, Key Laboratory for Geo-Hazards in Loess Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an 710054, China;School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China)
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期303-315,共13页
Mountain Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1504700)
国家自然科学基金项目(41530640)
中国地质调查项目(DD20189270)~~
关键词
山区城市
地下空间
延安
围岩级别
地质环境
mountain city
underground space
Yan'an City
surrounding rock level
geological environment
