摘要
为黔中地区水稻生产决策提供参考依据,以杂交水稻品种香早优2017为试验材料,在清镇市国家一级农业气象试验站进行田间4个播期(Ⅰ播期比当地常规播期早10d,Ⅱ播期为当地常规播期,Ⅲ、Ⅳ播期比当地常规播期分别晚10d和20d)的分期播种试验,分析不同播期热量条件对水稻生长性状和产量的影响。结果表明:1)温度适宜度除Ⅰ、Ⅳ播期的移栽期和Ⅳ播期的抽穗-开花期至灌浆-成熟期较低外,其他生育阶段温度适宜度均较好,过迟播种水稻生长后期温度低,不利于抽穗扬花和灌浆结实;2)水稻生长性状与积温呈极显著正相关,随播期延后,水稻生长期间积温减少,穗粒数、穗结实粒数减少,千粒重、茎秆重及理论产量下降;3)黔中地区杂交水稻适宜的播种时间为3月30日前后,此期间日平均气温15℃左右,适宜水稻幼苗生长,按35d左右秧龄移栽,此后水稻各生育阶段的温度均适宜其生长发育,容易获得高产。
In order to provide a reference for rice production decision-making in central Guizhou,the hybrid rice variety Xiangzaoyou 2017 was used as the experimental material,and four sowing dates in the field were carried out at the national first-level agricultural meteorological test station in Qingzhen City(Ⅰsowing date 10 days earlier than local,II regular local sowing date,Ⅲand IV sowing date 10 days later and 20 days later than local),and the effects of different sowing date on the growth traits and yield of rice were analyzed.Results:1)Temperature suitability was better in all growth stages except for the transplanting stage of I and IV and the low temperature from heading-flowering stage to filling-maturing stage of IV.Low temperature in late growth stage of late sowing rice was not conducive to heading,flowering and grain filling;2)There was a significant positive correlation between rice growth traits and accumulated temperature.When sowing date delayed,accumulated temperature during rice growth period was reduced.Grain number per spike,filled grain number per spike,1 000-grain weight,stem weight and theoretical yield were reduced as well;3)The suitable sowing time of hybrid rice in central Guizhou was around March 30,during which the average daily temperature was about 15℃,which was suitable for the growth of rice seedlings.Transplanting according to the seedling age of about 35 days,the temperature of each growth stage of rice was suitable for its growth and development,and it is easy to obtain high yield.
作者
姚正兰
周博扬
张皓
YAO Zhenglan;ZHOU Boyang;ZHANG Hao(Guiyang Meteorology Bureau,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001;Qingzhen Meteorology Bureau,Qingzhen,Guizhou 551400,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2019年第6期13-17,共5页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国气象局应急减灾与公共服务司项目“农业气象试验站冬小麦、水稻、玉米区域联合试验”[气减函(2017)53]
贵阳市气象局开放基金项目“基于分期播种热量条件对水稻生长动态及产量的影响”[筑气科合KF(2019)01]
