摘要
【目的】探讨套袋时间和套袋材料对幼龄胶林间作金菠萝产量和品质的影响,为金菠萝高产高效栽培提供理论参考。【方法】菠萝套袋试验主区设谢花后60、80、100 d套袋3个水平,副区设白色、蓝色、绿色、黄色原浆纸袋以及白色无纺布袋、黑色塑料袋6个处理,分析不同套袋时间和果袋对菠萝外观、产量和品质的影响。【结果】谢花后60 d套绿色原浆果袋有利于果实长度和宽度的增加;采用黑色塑料袋显著提高了菠萝果实果眼数,且谢花后60 d效果更佳;菠萝单果重采用黑色塑料袋时最高、较其他处理增加11%～77%,可食率采用黑色塑料袋时最高、较其他处理增加2%～11%,且单果重和可食率均在谢花后60 d套袋效果更好,为1 316.54 g和69.38%;采用黑色塑料袋,菠萝果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C含量均表现较好,且谢花后60 d最高,分别为11.55%、14.95%和179.34%;菠萝果实总酸度表现为采用黑色塑料袋最低,但不同套袋时间无显著差异。【结论】谢花后60 d采用黑色塑料袋套袋,有利于提高菠萝单果重、可食率以及可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C含量,降低果实总酸度。
【Objective】 The study was conducted to explore the effects of bagging time and bag materials on yield and quality of golden pineapple and to provide theoretical reference for high yield and high efficiency cultivation of golden pineapple.【Method】The pineapple were bagged on the 60th, 80th, and 100th day after flowers withering, with white, blue, green, yellow and virgin pulp paper bags, white non-woven bags and black plastic bags, then effects of different bagging time and bag materials on the shape, yield and quality of pineapple were analyzed.【Result】 The results showed that bagging with green virgin pulp paper bags on the 60th day after withering of flowers was beneficial to the increase of fruit length and width. Bagging with black plastic bags could significantly increase the fruitlet number of pineapple, and the effect was better on the 60th day after withering of flowers. The weight per fruit of pineapple was the highest when black plastic bag was used, which increased by 11%-77% compared with other treatments. The edible rate was the highest when black plastic bag was used, which increased by 2%-11% compared with other treatments. When black plastic bag was used on 60th day after the withering of flowers, the weight per fruit and edible rate reached highest, being 1 316.54 g and 69.38%, respectively. The soluble solids, soluble sugar and vitamin C of pineapple fruits with black plastic bags showed better effects, reaching 11.55%, 14.95% and 179.34%, respectively and the effect was the best on the 60th day after withering of flowers. The total acidity of pineapple fruit was the lowest when black plastic bags were used, but there was no significant difference among bagging time.【Conclusion】 Bagging with black plastic bags on the 60th day after withering of flowers was beneficial to increase the weight per fruit and edible rate of pineapple, improve the soluble solids, soluble sugar and vitamin C, and reduce the total acidity of pineapple fruit.
作者
赵维峰
张艳芳
刘胜辉
魏长宾
施忠海
邓大华
杨文秀
ZHAO Weifeng;ZHANG Yanfang;LIU Shenghui;WEI Changbin;SHI Zhonghai;DENG Dahua;YANG Wenxiu(College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er 665000,China;Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China;Subtropical Crop Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang 524091,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2019年第4期27-33,共7页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203021)
中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630062017025)
中国热带农业科学院中央级科学事业单位基本科研业务费项目(1630062017017)
农业农村部农业生态环境保护项目(2018)
关键词
菠萝
间作
果袋颜色
农艺性状
果实品质
产量
pineapple
intercropping
colors of fruit bags
agronomic characters
fruit quality
yield
