摘要
三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫是一种具有吸音、耐热、保温等性能的本征型阻燃泡沫,燃烧时火焰易自熄且不产生流滴,可用于建筑、农业、航空、交通运输和电子信息等领域,是一种发展前景良好的轻质材料。但是,由于柔性链段短、交联密度大,三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫脆性往往较大,限制了其实际应用。为此,从三聚氰胺甲醛树脂基体改性和泡沫结构调控2个方面综述了国内外关于三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫增韧改性的研究进展,分析了不同改性方法的原理及优缺点,并对增韧改性三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的发展进行了展望,旨在为合成高性能的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫提供有益的借鉴和指导。
Melamine foam (MF) is a kind of fire-retardant material with many excellent properties such as sound absorption, heat resistance and thermal insulation. When it is burned, it prefers to extinguish without drops. MF as lightweight and bright-future material can be applied in building, agriculture, aerospace, transportation, electronic information and so on. However, the brittleness of MF is often high because of short flexible chains and high cross-linking density, which limit its wide practical applications. Therefore, the development of toughness enhancement of MF from two approaches was reviewed. One is the modification of resin matrix including physical modification, the increase of flexible carbon chains and the closure of functional groups which can reduce the cross-linking density to improve the toughness of MF. The other is the control of foam structure focusing on keeping the balance between foaming and curing process to get fine cells of MF through the right selection of MF resins with proper physical properties, foaming ways, foaming processes, foaming promoters and some other modification methods. The principles, advantages and defects of different methods for the MF modification were elaborated and future trends of development in this field were prospected. This review will give a helpful guide for the designation and synthesis of high performance MF.
作者
夏学禹
顾雪萍
冯连芳
王嘉骏
张才亮
Xueyu Xia;Xueping Gu;Lianfang Feng;Jiajun Wang;Cailiang Zhang(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,College of Chemical andBiological Engineering ,Zhejiang University ,Hangzhou 310027,China)
出处
《高分子材料科学与工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期182-190,共9页
Polymer Materials Science & Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0302202)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2017FZA4024)
