摘要
目的了解六安地区学龄前儿童心理行为问题,分析影响因素。方法 2015年9—12月,采用分层抽样方法,抽取六安3个县区9所有代表性的幼儿园,将每所幼儿园按小、中、大班分成3层,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,每层选择1个班级,调查被抽取班级的所有3～5岁儿童。采用Conners父母问卷量表调查儿童家长。结果共调查1 903名儿童家长,学龄前儿童心理行为问题总检出率为20.9%(397/1 903),检出率排在前3位依次为学习、心身、品行,分别为11.8%(225/1 903)、10.5%(200/1 903)、3.7%(70/1 903)。方差分析显示,年龄对儿童的品行及行为有影响(均P<0.05),多因素分析显示,儿童性别及父亲文化程度是儿童心理行为问题的独立影响因素(OR分别为3.972、2.358,95%CI分别为3.025～5.215、1.380～4.028)。结论学龄前儿童心理行为问题率较高,是多因素共同作用的结果,制定干预措施需要考虑社会环境、家庭、儿童个性特点等多方面因素。早期预防,早期发现,早期干预,以降低儿童心理问题发生率。
Objective To understand the prevalence of behavioral problems of preschool children in Lu’an,explore the influencing factors of behavioral problems of preschool children.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select nine typical kindergartens from three counties(districts)in Lu’an from September 2015 to December 2015.By small,medium and large class,each kindergarten was divided into three levels,from which one class was selected according to the method of a stratified cluster random samples.All children aged 3-5 years in the class were investigated by Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire.Results A total of 1 903 children’s parents were investigated.The detection rate of behavioral problems among preschool children was 20.9%.Sorted by the detection rate,the first three was learning problems(11.8%),psychosomatic disorders(10.5%)and conduct problems(3.7%),respectively.Variance analysis showed that age had an influence on children’s conduct and behavior(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed children’s gender and father’s degree of culture were independent influencing factors(OR were 3.972 and 2.358,respectively,and 95.0%CI were 3.025-5.215 and 1.380-4.028,respectively).Conclusion The prevalence of behavior problems among preschool childrenis high,which are closely correlated with multiple factors.The social environment,family,characteristics of children’s personality and other factors should be taken into account when making interventions.Early prevention,early detection,early intervention should be implemented to reduce the psychological problems in children.
作者
章静
彭春燕
张静
ZHANG Jing;PENG Chunyan;ZHANG Jing(Lu’an Institute for Maternal and Child Health Care,Lu’an,Anhui 237000,China)
出处
《安徽医药》
CAS
2019年第5期913-916,共4页
Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal
