摘要
药物通过其升降浮沉作用于人体发挥作用,药物气味功效并不是一成不变的,炮制生熟部位均可对药物气味升降产生影响,且临床很多中药以蜜、姜等炮制以增强药物性能,用药物相似的辅料或某种炮制方法来增强药效。天有冬夏春秋,气有寒热温凉,地有木火土金水,味有酸苦甘辛咸,"土爱暖而喜芳香",治疗脾胃病常选用芳香之品,而芳香之药多性味辛香温燥,辛行气,香通气,苦温燥,畅中焦气机则复脾胃升降之态,如陈皮、砂仁、藿香、豆蔻等药,醒脾助运,开胃和中。五味入五脏,五脏应五行,四气五味在脾胃遣方应用中具有重要地位,温升热浮凉降寒收,温热助脾以温升,寒凉助胃以凉降,各有生克之道。
Drugs play a role in the human body through its ascending and descending,floating and sinking.The effect of drug odor is not unchanged.The raw and processed parts can affect ascending and descending of drug odor.Many Chinese herb medicines in clinical practice are processed with honey or ginger,etc.,which can enhance drug performance.For example,using similar adjuvants or some processing method can enhance drug efficacy.In terms of climate,there are spring,summer,autumn and winter.In terms of weather,there are cold,hot,warm and cool.The earth is made of wood,fire,earth,gold and water,and the tastes include sour,bitter,sweet,pungent and salty.The earth loves warm and aroma,so aromatic products are often used to treat spleen and stomach diseases.Most of the aromatic drugs are pungent,spicy,warm and dry.Pungent can drive qi,while spicy can dredge qi,bitter can warm dry.Dredging qi movement of middle jiao can restores the ascending and descending state of spleen and stomach.That’s why Chenpi(Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae),Sharen(Fructus Amomi),Huoxiang(Herba Agastachis),Doukou(Fructus Amomi Rotundus),etc.are often used to awaken the spleen and help transport,harmonize the stomach.Five tastes enter five zang-organs which correspond to five elements.Four natures of drugs and five kinds of tastes play an important role in treating spleen and stomach diseases.Warm and heat can help the spleen to warm up,while cold and cool can help the stomach to cool down,and each has its own way of generating and restricting.Four natures of drugs and five kinds of tastes play an important role not only in the spleen and stomach,but also in the whole prescriptions based on TCM syndrome differentiation.
作者
丁伟
周正华
DING Wei(Tianjin University of TCM,Tianjin,China,300193)
出处
《河南中医》
2019年第2期176-179,共4页
Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
国家中医药管理局科研基金项目(2014BAI10B02)
关键词
四气五味
阴阳
五行
脾胃
four natures of drugs and five kinds of tastes
yin and yang
five elements
spleen and stomach
