摘要
在土地利用变化和极端气候的影响下,水域空间受到侵占和挤压,导致生态环境恶化和洪涝灾害风险增加,维持合理的水域面积成为改善生态系统的有效措施之一。在综述国内外有关水域率的研究现状的基础上,总结了水域率及合理水域率的内涵、分类和特征,梳理了不同水域承载功能(行洪排涝、水资源利用、景观娱乐、水环境容量、区域小气候等)的合理水域率研究方法,结合水文模型在平原河网地区水域率研究中的应用,归纳了以行洪排涝为主要功能的合理水域率确定技术、模型和思路;分析了目前海绵城市建设中水域率的确定方法,指出未来应构建专门的水域率研究理论体系,丰富内涵和研究机理,完善并统一不同功能的合理水域率评价体系,为水生态空间的调控和水资源承载力的评价奠定基础。
Water surface is an important carrier of the ecosystem,and it has many service functions and great significance for maintaining the urban ecological environment.Under the influence of urbanization and extreme climates,the area of urban water surface has been reduced dramatically,resulting in the deterioration of urban ecological environment and increasing risk of flood or drainage waterlogging,therefore,maintaining a rational water surface area has become one of the effective measures to improve the urban ecosystem.In this paper,we extensively reviewed the research status of water surface ratio at home and abroad,summarized the connotation,classification and characteristics of water surface ratio/rational water surface ratio,combed research methods of rational water surface ratio according to different water service functions,such as flood prevention and drainage waterlogging,water resources utilization,landscape entertainment,water environment capacity,regional microclimate,and so on.Combined with the application of hydrological model in the study of water surface in plain river network area,the technology,model and thinking for determining the rational water surface ratio related to flood prevention and drainage waterlogging and sponge city building were concluded.A special theoretical system of water research should be built in the future,enriching its connotation and research mechanism.The evaluation system of rational water surface ratio for different functions should be improved and unified,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of water ecological space and the analysis of carrying capacity of water resources in cities.
作者
李春晖
彭聪
卜久贺
王烜
蔡宴朋
李慧
LI Chunhui;PENG Cong;BU Jiuhe;WANG Xuan;CAI Yanpeng;LI Hui(Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of the Ministry of Education,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center for Watershed Environmental Restoration & Integrated Ecological Regulation,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;State Key Laboratory for Water Environment Simulation,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《华北水利水电大学学报（自然科学版）》
2019年第1期39-45,共7页
Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power：Natural Science Edition
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401302)
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2017ZX07301-001-04)
关键词
水域功能
合理水域率
行洪排涝
模型
海绵城市
function of water surface
rational water surface ratio
flood prevention and drainage waterlogging
model
sponge city
