摘要
为实现电动汽车快速补能,研究了城市路网上电动汽车换电站的选址及交换电池保有量问题.为此,首先考虑电动汽车前往换电站的路径选择,建立社会总成本最小为目标的换电站选址优化模型,获得换电站的最优选址及换电需求;然后基于换电站处的电动汽车-满电电池的生灭模型,建立了社会总成本最小化的电池保有量优化模型.研究表明:换电站优化模型能给出最优的建站数量、选址方案及换电站建设时序;电动汽车渗透率对换电站建站数量和选址、交通网络均衡有较复杂的影响;交换站数量的增加能减少出行成本,但边际作用递减;随着电动汽车渗透率的提升,交换电池总数将相应增加,但并非每个换电站均增加交换电池保有量.增加交换站电池保有量将提升其满电电池概率,但是其边际作用递减;充电技术的进步也将提高满电电池的概率.研究结果可为城市电动汽车换电站的规划和运营提供决策依据.
In order to realize rapid recharge for electric vehicles(EV),the locations and and swapping batteries holdings of recharging stations for electric vehicles on city road network are studied.Therefore,the path choice of electric vehicles traveling to recharging stations is firstly considered,the optimal model for recharging stations to minimize total social cost is established to acquire optimal locations of the recharging station and EV s demand to swapping batteries;Based on live-death model of EVs and charged batteries,a battery holding s optimization model to minimize the total social cost is established.The research shows the optimization model of battery-swapping station can achieve the optimal totals and locations and construction sequences of stations.The penetration of EVs has a complicated impact on the number and locations of swapping stations and the traffic network equilibrium.The increase of swapping stations amount can cut down the travel cost,but the marginal effect is diminishing.With the penetration of electric vehicles increasing,the amount of swapping batteries will increase correspondingly,but not every exchange station increase the amount of swapping batteries.With the swapping battery holding at swapping station,the probability of fully-charged batteries increases,but the marginal effect is diminishing.The advancement of charging technology increases the probability of fully-charged batteries.The research results provide decision-making basis for the planning and operation of urban swapping stations.
作者
张勇
顾腾飞
ZHANG Yong;GU Tengfei(School of Railway Transportation,Soochow University,Suzhou 215131,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期128-138,共11页
Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51108289)
江苏省属高校自然科学基金(10KJB580003)~~
关键词
交通规划
换电站规划
用户均衡模型
电动汽车
电池交换
transportation planning
swapping station planning
user equilibrium
electric vehicle
battery swapping
