“家”与“户”:中国国家纵横治理结构的社会基础--基于“深度中国调查”材料的认识被引量：25

“Family” and “Household”:the social foundation of the nationwide vertical and horizontal governance structure of China—— A perception based on the materials from “In-depth Fieldwork in China”

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摘要国家诞生于社会之中,源于不同的社会基础形成不同的国家治理结构。与西方国家基于"庄园制"的国家横向治理结构原型及其演化逻辑不同,中国的国家治理表现为纵横治理结构,这种结构原型来自于本源性的"家户制",即"家"与"户"两个不同性质的单元合为一体,形成以"家"为基点的横向治理和以"户"为基点的纵向治理。同时,"家"与"户"之间既存在着合作,又面临着张力,共同塑造了国家纵横治理结构的内在韧性。当前,中国国家治理结构依然是纵向的政府治理与横向的群众自治的结合,这种治理结构是在我国历史传承、文化传统、经济社会发展的基础上长期发展、渐进改进和内生性演化的结果。因此,在推进国家治理体系和能力现代化过程中,应当重视家户制传统与国家治理结构的内在关系,重识家户观念、重建家户秩序、重组家户个体、重拾家户责任,实现政府治理与群众自治的有效衔接与良性互动。 Different from the national horizontal governance structure prototype and evolution logics of western countries,which are based on the manor system,China s national governance demonstrates vertical and horizontal governance structure;the prototype of this structure is originated from the source of the“family and household system”,which means that the“family”and the“household”,two units of different attributes make up an entity and form the horizontal governance based on“family”and the vertical governance based on“household”.Simultaneously,the“family”and the“household”created the inner tenacity of the nationwide vertical and horizontal governance structure.Currently,the national governance structure of China continues using the combination of the vertical governmental management and the horizontal mass autonomy,a structure which is based on the historical heritage,cultural tradition and economic and social development.Therefore,in the process of propelling national governance system and capability,the inner relations between the traditional system of family and household should be focused on,the unit of family and household should be re-formed,the responsibility of family and household should be re-taken in order to build an effective connection and beneficial interaction between the governmental management and the mass autonomy.

作者任路 Ren Lu

机构地区华中师范大学中国农村研究院、政治科学高等研究院

出处《政治学研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2018年第4期26-36,125,126,共13页 CASS Journal of Political Science

基金本文为教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“作为政策和理论依据的深度中国农村调查与研究”(16JJD810004)的研究成果。华中师范大学中国农村研究院2015年开展“深度中国调查”项目,分为村庄调查、家户调查、口述调查和海外调查资料翻译等。村庄调查涉及16个省185个村庄的历史形态与现实状况调查,家户调查涉及21个省168位家户的历史调查,口述调查涵盖1万多农民有关土地改革和集体化时期的口述历史调查,海外调查资料翻译以满铁农村调查资料的收集、整理与翻译为主,已陆续出版多卷本《满铁农村调查(惯行类)》,

关键词国家治理家户制社会基础 national governance family and household system social foundation

分类号 D630 [政治法律—中外政治制度]