摘要
基于长时间序列的遥感反演PM_(2.5)数据,采用Theil-Sen median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall、R/S和相关系数分析法,分析了1998～2014年我国PM_(2.5)时空格局、空间变化特征以及污染来源。结果表明:1998～2014年期间,最高只有24.67%的国土面积上,PM_(2.5)浓度达到世界卫生组织(WHO)的年平均准则值10μg/m^3的要求;PM_(2.5)浓度小于10μg/m^3地区主要是青藏高原、台湾、北疆,内蒙古北部和黑龙江西北部,年均PM_(2.5)浓度大于95μg/m^3的地区主要是南疆和华北平原。1998～2014年期间,全国61.84%的国土面积PM_(2.5)浓度呈上升趋势,平均上升了3.91μg/m^3,上升最大值为39.1μg/m^3。其中,呈显著上升的地区主要分布在中西部地区和华北平原,且未来部分地区仍呈增长的趋势。PM_(2.5)浓度上升的驱动因素包括自然因素与人类活动排放,其中,南疆的PM_(2.5)主要来自塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙尘气溶胶,而其他地区PM_(2.5)主要来自人类活动排放。
Based on the remote sensing retrieval of PM2.5 data in the long-time series, the temporal-spatial pattern of PM2.5 as well as its variation and sources of pollution in China from 1998 to 2014 were revealed by using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis, Mann-Kendall test and correlation analysis methods. The results showed that PM2.5 concentration reached the annual average criterion value of 10 μg/m3 specified by the World Health Organization(WHO) in the land area of only 24.67% during the period from 1998 to 2014. PM2.5 concentrations were less than 10 μg/m3 mainly in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Taiwan, northern Xinjiang, north of Inner Mongolia and northwest of Heilongjiang, while the average annual PM2.5 concentrations were greater than 95 μg/m3 mainly in southern Xinjiang and North China Plain. During the period from 1998 to 2014, the concentration of PM2.5 increased by an average of 3.91 μg/m3 and the maximum value was 39.1 μg/m3 in 61.84% of the national land area. Among them, the central and western regions and the North China Plain exhibited a significant rising trend and some regions still show an increasing trend in the future. The driving factors of increase in PM2.5 concentration included natural factors and emissions from human activities, wherein it mainly came from the sand dust aerosol in the Taklimakan Desert in the southern Xinjiang, while those in the other areas mainly came from emissions in the human activities.
作者
卢德彬
毛婉柳
杨东阳
赵佳楠
LU De-bin;MAO Wan-liu;YANG Dong-yang;ZHAO Jia-nan(Department of Tourism and Geography,Tongren University,Tongren 554300,China;School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Geomatics Center of Zhejiang,Hangzhou 310012,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security,Kaifeng 475004,China)
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期651-660,共10页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
河南省大气污染综合防治与生态安全重点实验室开放基金项目(PAP201801)
