摘要
为探究灭菌方式对土壤养分及对水稻生长的影响,采用湿热灭菌、氯仿熏蒸和^(60)Co-γ辐照3种灭菌方法,以不灭菌处理为对照(CK),研究不同灭菌方式对土壤灭菌效果及养分的影响,并分析不同灭菌方式对水稻苗期生长的影响。结果表明,辐照灭菌对土壤灭菌的效果最佳,辐照剂量为15 kGy;3种灭菌处理对土壤微生物的杀菌率均达到100%;湿热灭菌显著降低了土壤中全氮、碱解氮含量及土壤pH值,同时显著提高了土壤中有机质、有效磷含量,但对土壤中速效钾含量影响不显著;氯仿熏蒸处理能够显著提高土壤有机质和速效钾含量,显著降低土壤中全氮、碱解氮、有效磷含量和土壤pH值;辐照灭菌显著提高了土壤有效磷和速效钾含量,显著降低土壤中全氮、碱解氮、有效磷含量,但对土壤有机质含量和pH值影响均不显著。本试验条件下,辐照灭菌处理对土壤养分含量的影响最小,湿热灭菌处理对养分含量的影响最大。红壤性水稻土是复杂的高缓冲环境,不同灭菌方法对土壤养分的影响不同。综上,3种灭菌方式均显著提高了水稻地下部分鲜重、地上部分鲜重及总鲜重。本研究为不同试验目的选择干扰最小的灭菌方式提供了理论依据。
In order to explore the sterilization ways for the influence of soil nutrient and rice growth, different sterilization methods of moist heat, chloroform fumigation and ^（60）Co gamma ray were used with non-sterilization treatment as control to study the effect of sterilization methods on the sterilization effect and nutrients, and rice as experiment material, studied the effect of sterilization methods on rice growth. The results showed that the optimal dose of irradiation method for sterilization effect is 15 kGy, and the other three kinds of sterilization achieved 100% in sterilization rate, The sterilization significantly reduced the total nitrogen, available nitrogen and pH in the soil, meanwhile, and significantly improved the available phosphorus and organic matter content in soil with no significant effect on soil available K content, The chloroform fumigation obviously improved the content of soil organic matter and available potassium, significantly reduced the total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus content and pH value in soil. The irradiated sterilization significantly increased the content of soil available phosphorus and available potassium, and significantly reduced the content of total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil which has no significant influence on soil organic matter and pH value. Red paddy soil is the complex high buffer environment, and different sterilization methods will have different effect on the soil corresponding sterilization effect. The three sterilization methods all significantly increased the rice plant height. The fresh weight of seeding, the fresh weight of root and the total fresh weight of rice were all significantly increased by the two sterilization methods except sterilization. The finding of this experiment could provide the foundation for choosing the mode of sterilization. with minimum interference for different test purpose.
作者
倪国荣
潘晓华
石庆华
吴建富
周春火
NI Guorong;PAN Xiaohua;SHI Qinghua;WU Jianfu;ZHOU Chunhuo(Crop Physiology and Ecology and Genetics and Breeding with the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory/ Land Resources and Environmental College,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 33004)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期2431-2437,共7页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200808)
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510410011)
国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B12)
关键词
灭菌方式
土壤养分
水稻生长
sterilized method
soil nutrients
rice growth
