摘要
本试验以15年生的‘辽宁1号’核桃树为试材,探究秸秆覆盖对北方旱地核桃园土壤水温变化、有机质含量、果树根系生长及果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明:秸秆覆盖可在气温较低时提高土壤温度,而在气温较高时降低土壤温度。此外,秸秆覆盖可有效提高土壤0~40 cm土层土壤含水量,并显著提高0~60 cm土层土壤有机质含量。与对照相比,秸秆覆盖增加了0~60 cm土层细根的长度和表面积,同时显著提高了果实的含油量及产量。可见,核桃园经秸秆覆盖可以起到蓄水保墒、增加土壤肥力的作用,并最终达到果树增产的目的。
Taking 15-year-old ‘Liaoning 1＇ walnut trees as test materials, the author studied the effect of straw mulching （SM） on changes of soil water temperature, organic matter content, root growth and fruit yield and quality of walnut orchard in northern dry land. The results showed that： straw mulching could increase soil temperature at lower air temperature and decrease soil temperature at higher air temperature; moreover, straw mulching could effectively improve the soil moisture content at 0-40 cm, and increase the soil organic matter content at 0-60 cm soil layer; compared with CK, straw mulching increased the length and surface area of the fine roots of the 0-60 cm soil, and the oil content and yield of the fruit. Therefore, the appliance of SM in walnut orchard has the effect of storage and preservation of soil moisture and increasing the soil fertility, which lead to the improvement of the fruit yield.
作者
常月梅
Chang Yuemei(Shanxi Academy of Forestry Sciences,Taiyuan 030012)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第28期88-92,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
山西省重点研发计划项目"核桃品质形成的生态效应研究"(201603D221015-3)
关键词
核桃园
秸秆覆盖
土壤性状
产量
品质
walnut orchard
straw mulching
soil properties
yield
quality
