摘要
参考作物蒸发量(ET_0)是土壤-植被-大气系统水分能量平衡模型的重要参数,也是评价区域干湿状况、制定水土资源管理计划的关键因子。通过选用云南省36个气象观测站1952-2012年间共60年的气象数据,采用Penman-Monteith模型和Mann-Kendall参数检验法、GIS空间分析法,研究云南省ET_0时空分布及演变趋势。结果表明:云南省不同地区多年平均ET_0分布在786. 3～1 511. 6 mm之间,均值为1 090. 4 mm,不同地区ET_0空间变异性较大。4月和5月ET_0最大,6-8月的ET_0仅次于4-5月,1月和12月的ET_0最小,各月份ET_0均表现为自西北向东南递减趋势。近60年来ET_0呈现出明显的波动过程,总体表现为缓慢的递增趋势;其中,1980-1990年呈现出递减趋势,1991-2012年则呈现出显著的递增趋势。ET_0年内分布不均匀,不同月份ET_0分布在55. 5～126. 0 mm之间。在36个站点中,ET_0呈增长趋势的站点有12个,呈现减小趋势的站点有9个,其余15个站点无明显的增加或减小趋势;其中,德钦、会泽、景洪、澜沧、临沧、勐腊、孟定、普洱、腾冲、维西和文山11个站点ET_0呈显著增加趋势,广南、华坪、蒙自、屏边、瑞丽、元谋和昭阳7个站点ET_0呈显著减小趋势。研究可为云南地区土壤-植被-大气系统水分能量平衡模型运用、科学评价区域气候干湿状况和合理开发区域水土资源提供科学依据。
The reference crop evaporation （ ET 0） is an important parameter of the soil-vegetation-atmosphere system water energy balance model, and also a key factor for evaluating the dry and wet conditions of the area and formulating the water and soil resource management plan. Based on the meteorological data of 36 meteorological observatories in Yunnan province from 1952 to 2012, the Penman-Monteith model, Mann-Kendall parameter test method and GIS spatial analysis method were used to study the temporal and spatial distribution and evolution trend of ET 0 in Yunnan province. The results show that the average ET 0 distribution in Yunnan Province is between 786.3 and 1 511.6 mm, with an average of 1 090.4 mm. The spatial variability of ET 0 is different in different regions. ET 0 is the largest from April to May, and ET 0 from June to August is only after April to May. The ET 0 is the smallest in January and December. ET 0 in each month showed a downward trend from northwest to southeast. In the past 60 years, ET 0 showed obvious fluctuation process, and the overall performance showed a slow increasing trend. Among them, from 1980 to 1990, it showed a decreasing trend, and from 1991 to 2012, it showed a significant increasing trend. ET 0 is unevenly distributed during the year, and ET 0 is distributed between 55.5 and 126.0 mm in different months. Among the 36 stations, there are 12 stations with an increasing trend of ET 0, and 9 stations with a decreasing trend. The remaining 15 stations have no obvious increase or decrease trend. Among them, the ET 0 of Deqin, Huize, Jinghong, Yi, Linyi, Mengla, Mengding, Pu＇er, Tengchong, Weixi and Wenshan showed a significant increase trend, and it showed a significant reduction trend ET 0 in Guangnan, Huaping, Mengzi, Pingbian, Ruili, Yuanmou and Zhaoyang. The research can provide scientific basis for the application of soil-vegetation-atmosphere water energy balance model in Yunnan, scientific evaluation of regional climate dry and wet conditions and rational development of regional water and soil resources.
作者
陈正发
史东梅
何伟
夏建荣
金慧芳
娄义宝
CHEN Zhengfa;SHI Dongmei;HE Wei;XIA Jianrong;JIN Huifang;LOU Yibao(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Beibei,Chongqing 400715,China;Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited of Power China,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China)
出处
《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2018年第6期83-91,共9页
Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503119-01-01)
