摘要
为更好地研究石嘴山市暴雨天气环流形势及物理量特征,以及总结石嘴山地区暴雨天气过程预报着眼点和预报指标,利用地面气象观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料、数值预报资料及探空资料等,从天气环流形势、物理量诊断分析等方面,分析了2016年8月21日夜间石嘴山市出现的局地暴雨天气过程。结果表明,此次降水天气过程具有历时短、强度大、局地性和突发性强等特点,是500 hPa高空槽、副热带高压、700 hPa切变线、700 hPa低空急流、200 hPa高空急流等天气系统共同作用的结果。暴雨区低层湿度的快速变化,以及700 hPa 11g/kg等比湿线的出现和13 g/kg等比湿线的维持,是此次短时暴雨发生和维持的重要指标。此外,中低层的较强暖平流输送也为此次暴雨提供了丰沛水汽和不稳定能量,涡度场、散度场等为此次局地暴雨提供了水汽、热力和动力等关键条件。
In order to study the circulation situation and physical quantily characteristics of the rainstorm weather of Shizuishan, this paper smnmarizes the forecast of the rain weather process in Shizuishan area and the forecast index. The ground meteorological observation data, the NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, the numerical forecast data, the sounding data, and so on are used to analyze the local rainstorm weather process from the diagnosis of the weather circulation situation and the physical quantity. The analysis shows that the precipitation weather process has the characters of short diachronic, high intensity, local and sudden intensity. It is the result of the interaction effects of 500 hPa high trough, subtropical high, 700 hPa shear line, 700 hPa low-level jet, 200 hPa high-level jet and other weather systems. The rapid changes in the low layer humidity in the rainstorm area, the appearance of the 700 hPa 11 g/kg equivalent wet line and the maintenance of the 13 g/kg equivalent wet line are the important indexes fbr the occurrence and maintenance of the short time rainstorm. In addition, the strong warn1 advection in the middle and low layers also provides abundant water vapor and unstable energy for the rainstorm, and the vorticity field and divergence field provide the key conditions for the production of the local rainstorm, such as water vapor, heat and power.
作者
何佳
李晓虹
李荣
周翠芳
HE Jia;LI Xiaohong;LI Rong;ZHOU Cuifang(Key LaboratotT for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agricuhure in Arid Regions,CMA,Yinchuan 750002,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Preventing and Reducing in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750002,China;Shizuishan Meteorological Observatory,Shizuishan 753000,China)
出处
《宁夏工程技术》
CAS
2018年第3期201-204,共4页
Ningxia Engineering Technology
关键词
局地暴雨
副热带高压
高空急流
比湿
local torrential rain
the subtropical high
the upper jet
specific humidity
