摘要
收益问题是高速铁路市场化运营的关键。针对目前高速铁路票价单一、不能用来调节客流、提高收益以及票额自动预分不能满足需求波动的问题,基于收益管理理论,结合高速铁路运输组织的特点,以收益最大化为目标,构建了不确定需求的动态定价与票额分配综合优化模型,并针对需求的随机性,运用稳健优化方法对模型进行求解。通过算例对模型和算法进行验证,并与单一全价票下的票额分配方案对比,结果表明本文提出的模型能够根据不同购票时段需求特点进行动态定价来提高高速铁路收益,并且能适应需求的波动,从而避免由于实际需求波动较大使票额分配方案不能满足实际需求而带来的大量票额调整工作,为高速铁路动态定价和票额分配提供了优化方法。
Revenue problem is the key to the market-oriented operation of high-speed railways.In response to problems such as failure to adjust passenger flow and improve revenue with current static and fixed prices of the same OD in high-speed railways in China,and failure of the seat automatic allocation to meet the fluctuation of passenger flow,combining with the transportation organization characteristics of high-speed railway,the optimal model which jointly considers dynamic pricing and seat allocation was developed under uncertain demand with an objective of maximizing the revenue based on theory of revenue management in this paper.Because of the demand randomness,the model was solved with a robust optimization method.The model and algorithm were verified by a numerical example.Compared with the seat allocation scheme under the fixed price,the results show that the proposed model can dynamically adjust ticket price to improve revenue based on the demand characteristics of different booking periods.Besides,the proposed model can adapt to the demand fluctuation,so as to avoid the much work of seat allocation adjustment when the seat allocation scheme doesn＇t meet the actual demand owing to the fluctuation of the actual demand.This paper provides an optimization method for dynamic pricing and seat allocation of high-speed railway.
作者
宋文波
赵鹏
李博
SONG Wenbo;ZHAO Peng;LI Bo(School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《铁道学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第7期10-16,共7页
Journal of the China Railway Society
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2018YJS078)
国家自然科学基金(U1434207)
中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(2015X006-G)
关键词
高速铁路
动态定价
票额分配
稳健优化
收益管理
high-speed railway
dynamic pricing
seat allocation
robust optimization
revenue management
