摘要
为解决各种山地果园中除草难度大、除草效率低、难以实现机械化等问题,研制高效的新型除草机具有重大意义。为能够更好地适应南方果园的复杂地形,提高除草率,设计的除草机采用履带式行走机构和新型双轴式除草作业头机构;利用Inventor三维软件对除草机整机进行设计建模,并验证整机结构的合理性;对除草机关键零部件除草作业头进行设计,并通过力学分析验证了除草刀的适用性,确定除草作业头的关键性能参数。通过现场试验分析了除草甩刀的转速、甩刀质量以及底盘行走速度对除草机除草效率的影响,通过分析试验数据得出:当行走速度为0.5 m/s、转速为1 600 r/min、甩刀质量为0.347 kg时,除草效率以及防缠绕效果最好,除草率超过80%。该研究结果对后续除草机械的研制设计提供了参考。
In order to solve the weeding problems in the context of difficult operation,low efficiency and hard to achieve mechanization in various mountain orchards,it is significant to develop an efficient type of weeding machine.Through the analysis on the development and research status of domestic and foreign weeders,it was found that both the existing weeders at home and abroad can not adapt well to the complex terrain of hilly hills in the south of China.By analyzing the physical characteristics of the operating objects and the on-site investigation of the operating environment,the design basis and design requirements for the new type weeder were clarified. In order to better adapt to the complex terrain of orchard in the south of China and increase the weeding efficiency,a new type of weeder was designed by using a crawler-type walking mechanism and a new dual-axis weeding head mechanism. The Inventor software was applied to design the complete model of the weeder. The rationality of the structure of the whole machine was verified,and the weeding head of the key components of the weeder was designed. The applicability of the weeding knife was verified through the mechanical analysis,and the key performance parameters of the weeding head were determined. Finally,field experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of the speed and weight of the weeding cutter and the walking speed of the chassis on the weeding efficiency. The tested results showed that when the walking speed was 0.6 m/s,the cutter rotating speed was 1 600 r/min and the weight of the cutter was 0.35 kg,the weeding efficiency and the anti-winding effect were best,and the weeding rate exceeded 80%. The tested results and analysis verified the working stability of the weeding cutter and the operating performance of the whole machine. The results can be used as reference to the development and design of subsequent weeding machines.
作者
王子健
高自成
李立君
欧阳益斌
周方思
WANG Zijian;GAO Zicheng;LI Lijun;OUYANG Yibin;ZHOU Fangsi(College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
北大核心
2018年第4期118-124,共7页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
湖南省科技计划重点研发项目(2016NK2142)
湖南省高校科技创新团队资助项目(2014207)
关键词
履带式除草机
山地果园
甩锤式
双轴除草工作头
防缠绕
crawler weeding machine
mountain orchard
rejection hammer type
biaxial weeding head
anti-winding
