摘要
肝癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其病因主要包括乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒感染和黄曲霉毒素，蓝藻毒素和多种可干预的个体行为方式在肝癌发生发展中也具有重要作用，实施肝癌病因的一级预防措施是在中国降低其疾病负担的重要途径。根据中国肝癌的流行病学特征，结合在中国人群中开展并获得的肝癌一级预防措施的证据，专家共识探讨了乙肝疫苗接种，包括针对不同HBV感染状态母亲的新生儿及儿童的乙肝疫苗接种程序；慢性乙型、丙型肝炎患者的抗病毒治疗；预防和避免黄曲霉毒素及蓝藻毒素暴露；改变高危致癌风险相关的生活方式等，以期推进中国肝癌的有效预防。
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers in China. The major risk factors are chronic infections of hepatitis B virus （HBV）, hepatitis C virus （HCV）, high exposure to aflatoxins. In addition, exposure to cyanotoxins and some preventable health behaviors are also recognized to contribute to liver cancer development. To relieve the disease burden, primary prevention of etiological interventions is an important strategy. Based on the liver cancer epidemiology in China and the effective evidences and results from the etiological interventions conduced in Chinese population domestically, the following strategies are recommended in the ＂Strategies of primary prevention of liver cancer ： Expert Consensus （2018） ＂ to promote the effective prevention of liver cancer in general population. Immunization with HBV vaccines, including the immune programs to neonates, infants and children born to mothers with different status of HBV infection. Antiviral therapies to the patients with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Avoiding or reducing the exposure to aflatoxins as well as the cyanotoxins. Changing harmful life style, including quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption etc.
作者
中华预防医学会肿瘤预防与控制专业委员会感染相关肿瘤防控学组
中华预防医学会慢病预防与控制分会中华预防医学会健康传播分会
曲春枫
Prevention of Infection Related Cancer(PIRCA）Group,Specialized Committee of Cancer Prevention and Control,Chinese Preventive Medicine Associatio;Non-communicable ＆ Chronic Disease Control and Prevention Society,Chinese Preventive Medicine Associatio;Health Communication Society,Chinese Preventive Medicine,Qu Chunfeng（State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology/Department of Immunology,National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 10002)
出处
《中华肿瘤杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第7期550-557,共8页
Chinese Journal of Oncology
关键词
肝肿瘤
一级预防
专家共识
Liver neoplasms
Primary prevention
Expert consensus
