摘要
目的了解浙江省毒蘑菇中毒发生规律和流行病学特征,为毒蘑菇中毒的预警及预防控制提供科学依据。方法对2010—2016年食源性疾病暴发监测系统报告的浙江省毒蘑菇中毒事件的流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果 7年内共报告毒蘑菇中毒暴发事件42起,累计中毒病例192例,死亡13例,死亡例数占浙江省同期食源性疾病暴发总死亡例数的76.5%(13/17)。事件起数最多的是2016年,占总数的40.5%(17/42)。6~10月是毒蘑菇中毒的高发期,中毒事件起数、发病例数分别占95.2%(40/42)和97.9%(188/192)。死亡例数均集中在6~8月。家庭是毒蘑菇中毒的主要发生场所,占总事件起数的83.3%(35/42)。事件起数在前3位的地市是杭州市、金华市、绍兴市,事件起数在前3位的县(市、区)是宁海县、桐庐县、嵊州市。病例症状以胃肠炎型为主,占总发病例数的72.4%(139/192)。发病潜伏期最短为18 min,最长为15 h,中位数为2 h。从两起严重脏器损害型事件的毒蘑菇中检测出鹅膏多肽。结论毒蘑菇中毒是浙江省造成食源性疾病死亡的主要原因,应对高发季节、高发地区及高发人群进行重点监测和干预,提高公众的自我保护能力。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of poisonous mushroom poisoning in Zhejiang Province,and to provide scientific basis for the early warning and prevention and control of mushroom poisoning.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning outbreaks in Zhejiang Province reported by the Foodborne Illness Outbreak Monitoring System during 2010-2016 were analyzed by descriptive analysis. Results A total of42 mushroom poisoning outbreaks were reported in these 7 years. There were 192 cases of poisoning and 13 cases of death.The number of deaths accounted for 76. 5%（ 13/17） of the total deaths from foodborne illness in the province. The year with the most incidence was 2016,accounting for 40. 5%（ 17/42） of the total. June to October was the peak time of mushrooms poisoning,accounting for 95. 2%（ 40/42） of outbreaks and 97. 9%（ 188/192） of cases of poisoning respectively. The cases of death were all reported during June to August. The majority of mushroom poisonings occurred in family setting,accounting for 83. 3%（ 35/42） of the total incidence. Hangzhou,Jinhua and Shaoxing were the top three cities with the most outbreaks,while Ninghai County,Tonglu County and Shengzhou City were the top three counties（ cities,districts）. The main symptom was gastroenteritis,accounting for 72. 4%（ 139/192） of all cases of poisoning. The incubation period varied from 18 min up to 15 h,with the median of 2 h. In two outbreaks involving severe organ damage cases,the peptide toxins of Amanita mushrooms were detected. Conclusion Poisonous mushroom poisoning was the main cause of death from foodborne illness in Zhejiang Province. Countermeasures should be taken to monitor and intervene in high-incidence seasons,high-incidence areas and high-risk populations,and to improve the general public＇s capability of self-protection.
作者
孙亮
陈莉莉
廖宁波
陈江
SUN Liang;CHEN Li-li;LIAO Ning-bo;CHEN Jiang(Department for Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310051, China)
出处
《中国食品卫生杂志》
北大核心
2018年第3期270-274,共5页
Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene
关键词
毒蘑菇
中毒
流行病学
食品安全
浙江
Poisonous mushroom
poisoning
epidemiology
food safety
Zhejiang
