摘要
拉图尔认为以人类中心主义和主客体二分及其对立为突出特征的现代性事实上从未存在过,它只不过是自诩为现代人的一种理所当然的想法,人类真实的存在境况是处于一个杂合的和对称性的主客未分的非现代性世界之中,由此物之为物必须从此视角出发才能得到更为合理的解释。拉图尔的科学实践建构论表明科学知识的最终原因既不是自然实在也不是社会实在,而是行动者网络本身之实践建构的结果。在由异质行动者所构成的动态网络之中,人与非人因素对于科学事实的生成在存在论上具有对称性的作用,人相对于非人因素而言并没有绝对支配性的中心地位,拉图尔由此打破了传统哲学基于人类主体性与主客二分的形而上学框架对于物的现代性考察,从而进入到了对于物之意义的关系存在论亦即具有杂合与对称性特征的非现代性追问之中。
Latour believes that modernity,which is characterized by anthropocentrism and the subjective – objective dichotomy,has never actually existed,it is merely a self-styled idea of the modern men who claim to be the modern people. The real existence of human beings is in a hybrid and symmetrical non-modern world where the subject and object are not separated,and only from this angle of view can we get a more reasonable explanation of what things are. Latour＇s theory of the practical construction of science shows that the ultimate cause of scientific knowledge is neither natural nor social reality,however,it is the result of the practical construction of the actor network itself. In the dynamic network composed of heterogeneous actors,the human and non-human factors ontologically play a symmetrical role in the generation of scientific facts. Meanwhile,human beings have no central position of absolute dominance over the non-human factors. Therefore,Latour breaks the traditional metaphysical study of what things are,which is based on the human subjectivity and subject-object dichotomy. He quest the essence of things on the relational ontology which is non-modernity with the characteristics of heterogeneity and symmetry.
作者
李日容
张进
Li Rirong;Zhang Jin
出处
《兰州学刊》
CSSCI
2018年第6期55-64,共10页
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"丝路审美文化中外互通问题研究"(项目编号:17ZDA272)阶段性成果
关键词
拉图尔
物
科学实践建构论
行动者网络理论
非现代性
Latour
thing
the practical construction of science
actor - network theory
non - Modernity
