摘要
目的对CT检查中非扫描区域敏感组织器官的防护方法进行分析和研究。方法通过分析非扫描区域受到辐射的原因,针对受到辐射的原因逐一提出防护方案。结果放射卫生管理方面应增强人员防护意识,规范机房内外环境,完善规章制度。使用先进技术进行操作扫描,防护方式分为体表屏蔽、源项屏蔽和体内屏蔽三种。体表屏蔽需要选择先进的屏蔽材料,使用大于0.5 mm铅当量的个人防护用品。源项屏蔽的方法在CT机架孔径正反两侧架设屏蔽,极大地降低了到达非扫描区域的漏射线和外散射线。体内屏蔽通过口服硫酸钡增加人体消化道内局部密度衰减体内的内散射线。源项屏蔽和体内屏蔽的可行性与实用性需进一步通过实验验证。结论对于CT检查时非扫描部位敏感组织器官的防护应当以"重视操作和防护技术,加强放射卫生管理"的原则为指导;在CT操作方面,在满足影像质量的条件下,选择低剂量扫描方式。在防护技术方面,应依照"衰减漏射线,屏蔽散射线"的理念进行防护。
Objective To analyze and study the protective methods for sensitive tissue or organs in non-scanning areas.Methods By analyzing the causes of radiation in the non-scanning area,the protection schemes are put forward. Results Radiological health management should enhance personnel protection awareness,regulate the internal and external environment of machine room,and perfect the rules and regulations. The operator should use advanced technology to carry out the scanning,there are three methods,i. e. body surface shield,the source block and the body shield. The body surface should select advanced shielding material and choose personal protective equipment larger than 0. 5 mm lead equivalent. The method of source block shielding is to block both sides of the CT frame aperture,which will greatly reduce the leakage and scattered rays in the non-scanning area. In vivo,increasing the local density of the digestive tract is used to attenuate the inner scattered rays of the body through oral administration of barium sulfate. The practicability and feasibility of source block and body shielding should be further verified by experiments. Conclusion The protection of sensitive tissues and organs during CT examination should be guided by the principle of ＂emphasizing operation and protection technology,strengthening radiological health management＂. In CT operation,under the condition of meet the image quality,choose low-dose scanning mode. As the protection technology,it should be in accordance with the concept protection of＂shield leakage radiation,attenuate scattering radiation＂.
作者
陈基炜
陆晨昊
唐波
彭冠亮
曹俊涛
涂彧
黄圣雁
CHEN Jiwei;LU Chenhao;TANG Bo;PENG Guanliang;CAO Juntao;TU Yu;HUANG Shengyan(Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan 215300 China;Soochow University Medical Collegeh;Taicang Health Supervision Institute;Shandong Center ]br Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《中国辐射卫生》
2018年第1期92-96,共5页
Chinese Journal of Radiological Health
基金
山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2016WS0376)
关键词
CT
非受检部位
X射线
辐射防护
屏蔽
CT
Non-Scanning Area
X-Ray
Radiation Protection
Shielding
