摘要
本研究以上海地区13家养老机构368位老人为对象,在2016年10~11月和2017年4月期间对其室内热环境参数进行了测试,同时对老年人服装热阻、热感觉、热适应行为等进行调研。结果表明,85.2%的老年人热感觉投票为不冷不热,过渡季老年人热感觉中性温度为26.1℃,略高于PMV、aPMV预测值。过渡季老年人热感觉、热满意、热期望存在分离现象,老年人偏爱中性偏暖的温度。过渡季老年人首选热适应调节行为为加/减衣服(98.3%)、开/关门窗(89.6%)。老年人服装热阻、开关窗行为与性别、年龄无关,主要受室外环境温度影响。在过渡季,增/减衣物对于老人是一种有效的热适应调节手段,而开关窗尽管有效调节了室内气流组织,但开窗与未开窗房间内老人热感觉无显著差异。
A field investigation was conducted in 13 elderly facilities with 368 elderly subjects in Shanghai during October-November 2016 and April 2017. The environmental parameters, thermal perceptions and thermal adaptive behavior were recorded simultaneously. Results indicated that, 85.2% of the elderly voted their thermal sensations as＂neutral＂, and the actual neutral temperature was 26.1 ℃, a little higher than PMV and a PMV temperature. There was a difference in thermal sensation, thermal acceptability and thermal preference, the elderly preferred a sensation slightly warmer than neutral. Changing clothing and opening/closing window were the two most commonly used thermal adaptive behaviors in mid-season. Gender and age showed no effect on clothing insulation and proportion of windows opened. Older people＇s clothing insulation and proportion of windows opened showed strong correlations with outdoor air temperature. In mid-season, changing clothing was an effective thermal adaptive behaviors, while opening/closing windows did not effectively regulate the indoor thermal environment. There was no significant difference in the thermal sensation of the elderly in the fenestrated and unopened rooms.
作者
魏琦
于航
焦瑜
王梓
储向阳
WEI Qi;YU Hang;JIAO Yu;WANG Zi;CHU Xiang-yang(School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Tongji Universit)
出处
《建筑热能通风空调》
2018年第3期37-43,共7页
Building Energy & Environment
关键词
热感觉
老年人
热适应行为
自然通风建筑
thermal sensation
elderly people
adaptive behavior
free-running building
