摘要
[目的]研究黄土高原不同植被类型对土壤酶活性、土壤养分和土壤微生物的影响,为该地区植被建设提供参考。[方法]根据研究区特点,选择4种(草地、柠条、杨树、蒿地)植被类型,采用SPSS软件分析各样地之间和同一样地土壤剖面不同层次的土壤酶活性和养分差异显著性和相关性,采用Canoco对微生物与环境因子进行分析。[结果](1)不同植被类型下,随土层深度的增加土壤酶活性与土壤养分均呈降低趋势。蒿地中酶活性最高,草地pH值随土层深度的增加而增加,表土层有机碳含量最高。硝态氮和铵态氮含量分别在杨树、柠条地块最高。(2)土壤养分间存在显著或极显著性相关,而土壤酶活性间存在极显著性相关。土壤酶活性与土壤有机碳、硝态氮之间都存在显著和极显著性相关。(3)表层(0—10cm)土壤微生物在门水平上多样性高。真菌第Ⅰ簇菌属与土壤pH值、硝态氮、铵态氮呈正相关,与土壤酶活性呈负相关;第Ⅱ簇菌属与土壤酶活性呈正相关关系,而与硝态氮、铵态氮、有机碳、pH值呈负相关关系;第Ⅰ簇与第Ⅱ,Ⅲ簇真菌群落间呈负相关关系。细菌与酶活性和土壤养分存在正相关和负相关。[结论]不同植被类型影响土壤酶活性、养分及微生物多样性,在植被建设过程中,宜种植蒿草来改善土壤的生态环境。
[Objective] The effects of different vegetation types on soil enzyme activities, nutrients and microbial diversities were studied aimed to provide support for the vegetation construction in Loess Plateau.[Methods] According to the characteristics of the study area, four vegetation types （meadow, Caragana microphylla, Populus tremula and Artemisia） were selected. The differences and correlations of soil enzyme activities, soil nutrients and microbial diversities in different soil layers within the same and among vegetation types were evaluated with the SPSS. The corrections of soil microbial and environmental factors were analyzed with Canoco.[Results] ① Under different vegetation types, the soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients decreased with the increasing soil depth. The enzyme activities were the highest in Artemisia. The pH value of the meadow increased with the soil depth, and the content of organic carbon in surface soil was the highest. The content of nitrate nitrogen was the highest in P. tremula, and the content of ammonium nitrogen was the highest in C. microphylla. ② There was a significant or extremely significant correlation between soil nutrients, and there was an extremely significant correlation between soil enzyme activities. There was an extremely significant correlation between soil enzyme activities and soil organic carbon. There was also a significant correlation between soil enzyme activities and soil nitrate nitrogen. ③ High soil microbe diversities were found in the surface soil （0-10 cm） at the phylum level. The fungicidal communityⅠhad a positive correlation with soil pH value, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, but negatively correlated with soil enzyme activities; fungicidal community Ⅱ had a positive correlation with soil enzyme activities, but negatively correlated with nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, organic carbon and pH value. There was a negative correlation between fungicidal communityⅠand fungicidal community Ⅱ and Ⅲ. There was a positive correlation between bacteria and enzyme activities and a negative correlation between bacteria and soil nutrients.[Conclusion] Vegetation types affect soil enzyme activities, nutrients and microbial diversities. In the process of vegetation construction, the Artemisia should be planted to improve the soil ecological environment.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期62-68,共7页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"晋西北丘陵风沙区人工恢复林草植被与土壤水热环境的互馈机制"(41401618
41501563)
山西省自然科学基金项目"晋北半干旱工矿区人工恢复林灌草植被与土壤水肥环境响应机制"(201601D021117)
关键词
植被类型
土壤酶活性
土壤养分
微生物多样性
相关性分析
RDA分析
vegetation types
soil enzyme activity
soil nutrient
soil microbial diversity
correlation analysisRDA analysis
