摘要
高等教育的发展是历时的,其机构的演进也总是呈现出一定的历史脉络。在古代中国社会,高等教育机构往往由官学与私学交替主导,承担着"养士"的职责,形成松散联合的高等教育系统。进入近代,西学东渐,传统高等教育机构随之而变,新式学堂逐渐兴起,传统书院相继改革,书院与学堂相互融会,生成传授科学知识与传统学问的近代高等学堂系统。南京临时政府成立,变学堂为学校,在高等教育领域逐步建立并确立契合时代发展需求、秉承高深学问理念、坚持民主管理制度的现代大学,完成中国传统高等教育机构的现代转型。中国高等教育机构在演进中坚持回应时代特征和社会需求的内在逻辑,在近代中国展现了高等教育机构发展的激进态势和优先特性。
The development of higher education institutions is diachronic, and its＇ evolution always presentsacertain historical thread. In the traditional Chinese society, the higher education institutions are often dominated bythe alternation of official and private schools, bear the responsibility of ＂cultivating talents＂ and form a looselyintegrated educational system. Into modern times, Western Learning spreads to Eastward, The traditional highereducation institutions follow the change. New school gradually rises, The traditional Academy have been reform,Both of them are blended each other, into an advanced school system which teaches science and traditionalknowledge. The provisional government of Nanjing was established, changed school into university, and graduallyestablished the Modern University which conforming to the needs and development of the times, adhering to theprofound knowledge concept and insist the democratic management system. In this way, China＇s traditional highereducation institutions have completed the transformation. In the process of evolution, Chinese higher educationinstitutions adhere to their internal logic that responds to the characteristics of the times and social needs. they showthe radical trend and priority characteristics on the development of higher education institutions In modern China.Key words： higher education institution; Traditional academy; modern school; Modern university; Institutionalevolution;
出处
《当代教育论坛》
北大核心
2018年第1期37-47,共11页
forum on contemporary education
基金
江苏省南京师范大学优势学科自主项目(项目编号:164320H111-1)的阶段性成果
关键词
高等教育机构
传统书院
近代学堂
现代大学
机构演进
higher education institution,traditional academy, modern school, modern university, Institutionalevolution
