摘要
河道内生态需水是目前生态学、水文学和水资源学研究的热点领域,现有计算方法中从生态系统功能完整性的角度出发计算生态需水的较少。首先利用Ecopath模型对小清河流域2014年5月、8月、11月生态系统内群落间营养关系进行了模拟,分析得到了小清河流域生态系统关键功能组;然后,利用栖息地适应性指数(HSI)确定了各关键鱼类生存和繁殖的适宜流速及水位;最后,耦合多物种的适宜流速及水位,利用改进后的AEHRA法计算生态需水量。结果显示,小清河流域鱼类非产卵期(1月-3月、8月-12月)上、中、下游生态需水量分别为4.28m3/s、0.74m3/s、3.47m3/s;产卵期上、中、下游生态需水量分别为23.52m3/s、5.96m3/s(8.65m3/s)、37.38m3/s。与Tennant法比较,本方法计算结果可以将生态系统健康状况维持在"一般"水平以上,即可以满足流域内大多数水生物需水量,同时,该方法计算结果显示出鱼类产卵期与非产卵期的生态需水量差异,为流域内跨季节调水提供依据。
The study of ecological flow is a hot field in ecology and hydrology.However,the existing methodologies do not consider the functional integrity of an eco-system.In this study,we simulated the nutritional relationships between the communities of an eco-system in Xiaoqinghe river basin using the model of Ecopath.After determining the key fishes,we analyzed the velocity and water level demand of the key fishes by the habitat suitable index.Finally,coupling the velocity and water level demand of multiple species,we calculated the eco-flow by the Adapted Ecological Hydraulic Radius Approach.The results showed that the water requirements of the upper,middle,and lower reaches were 4.28 m3/s,0.74 m3/s,and 3.47 m3/s respectively in nonspawning season,and 23.52 m3/s,5.96 m3/s(or 8.65 m3/s),37.38 m3/s respectively in spawning season.Compared with the approach of Tennant,our method could keep the ecosystem′s health condition above the " average" level,and could satisfy the water requirement of the majority of aquatic organisms.Besides,this method shows the difference between spawning season and non-spawning season,thus gives reference for the seasonal regulation of water resources in the basin.
出处
《南水北调与水利科技》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期108-113,共6页
South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41271414)
北京市共建项目专项资助~~
