摘要
明确土壤肥力状况及其空间分布特征,是合理利用土地、改良和培肥土壤的前提。研究对象为沙湾县区域内的农田土壤,测定了表层(0~20cm)土壤pH值、盐分、有机质、氮磷钾全量和速效量等指标,运用主成分分析方法计算了土壤肥力指数,并用克里金插值法对该区域土壤养分和土壤肥力指数的空间分布进行拟合。结果表明:沙湾县农田土壤pH值、盐分、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾和速效钾含量的变化范围分别为7.43~9.22、0.84~3.91g/kg、0.14~41.98g/kg、0.10~2.28g/kg、2~177mg/kg、0.02~1.30g/kg、2.0~50.5mg/kg、0.10~18.51g/kg、42~269mg/kg;土壤质量指数为0.10~0.51,土壤肥力水平总体偏低;沙湾县农田土壤中的pH值表现的趋势为从西北到东南方向逐渐升高,有机质和全氮则表现出自西南向东北逐渐升高,土壤有效磷主要集中于中部,碱解氮中部和北部含量最高;土壤肥力指数从西南向东北呈降低趋势;主成分分析表明,引起沙湾县农田土壤肥力变化的主要因子是有机质和pH值。沙湾县农田土壤肥力水平总体偏低,其改良与培肥应多关注土壤有机质含量的提高。
Assessment of soil fertility and its spatial distribution is a precondition to properly utilize land and improve soil fertility.Soil organic matter,total and available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents,pH value and salt content of 0-20 cm soils were measured.The soil fertility index was calculated using principal component analysis method.The spatial distributions of soil nutrients and soil fertility index of this area were fitted by Kriging interpolation method.The results showed that:the pH,salt contents,organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium in the soil of Shawan County were 7.43-9.22,0.84-3.91 g/kg,0.14 to 41.98 g/kg,0.10 to 2.28 g/kg,2-177 mg/kg,0.02-1.30 g/kg,2.0-50.5 mg/kg,0.10-18.51 g/kg,42-269 mg/kg,and the soil fertility level was low in Shawan Country.Soil pH value increased from northwest to southeast,soil organic matter and total nitrogen were higher in the northeast,soil available nitrogen was highest in the middle and northern parts,the soil available phosphorus was the highest in the middle area,and the soil fertility index decreased from the southwest and northeast in Shawan County.The result of principal component analysis showed that the main influencing factors of soil fertility were soil organic matter and nitrogen content.In conclusion,the soil fertility level was lower in Shawan County,and its improvement should focus on increasing soil organic matter content.
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第3期210-216,共7页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2017D01A37)
关键词
农田
土壤肥力
主成分分析
沙湾
arable land
soil fertility
principal component analysis
Shawan country
