摘要
为有效处理规模化猪场养殖粪污,确立猪粪堆肥的原辅料最佳配比,建立高效堆肥工艺。通过工厂化堆肥试验,以猪粪为原料,稻壳和蘑菇渣为辅料,设置3个C/N分别为10、25和35的处理(Z1、Z2、Z3),比较不同碳氮比猪粪、稻壳及蘑菇渣混合物高温堆肥过程中堆体温度、pH值、EC、C/N、养分等指标差异和黄瓜盆栽促生试验中不同处理所得猪粪堆肥的促生效果。3个处理的高温期平均温度为Z2>Z3>Z1,堆肥结束时各处理的pH值为7.51、7.63、6.96,EC值为1.31、1.65、1.54 m S·cm-1;NH_4^+-N的含量为Z3>Z2>Z1;NO-3-N含量为Z1=Z2>Z3,各处理C/N分别下降了18.24%、47.56%、30.47%,Z1、Z2、Z3的氮、磷、钾(N、P_2O_5、K_2O)总养分含量分别达50.25、51.66、48.43 mg·kg-1。3个堆体的发芽指数显示其均已腐熟,三维荧光图谱则显示Z1、Z2腐熟程度较高于Z3。两季盆栽促生试验结果显示化肥处理与Z2处理肥效最佳,Z1、CK处理次之,Z3处理效果最差。C/N为25是堆肥适宜的C/N初始设定值,有利于堆体的快速腐熟和养分保持,其堆肥产品肥效优异。
This study aimed at effectively disposal of manure wastes from pig farm, exploring optimum ratio of raw materials for composting, and establishing efficient eomposting process. Industrialized thermophilie aerobic eomposting process was adopted to investigate the composting efficiency for mixtures of pig manure and rice husk at the primary C/N of 10, 25 and 35 （ Z1, Z2, and Z3）. During composting, the changes of the temperature, pH value, EC, C/N, nutrient indicators were monitored and plant-growth-promotion-effects of the products were evaluated using pot experiments. Compared to the treatments with C/N of 10 and 35, the average temperature in the pile during high temperature stage were higher in the treatment with C/N of 25. After composting, the pH of the products from Z1, Z2, and Z3 was 7.51, 7.63, and 6. 96, EC was 1.31, 1.65, and 1.54 mS cm-1 , and the total nutrient （N, P2O5, K2O） content was 50. 25, 51.66, and 48.43 mg kg-1 , respectively. Moreover, the contents of NO3- -N were the same in the products from Z1 and Z2, and were higher than that from Z3, which showed highest content of NH4＋ -N, and the C/N values were decreased by 18.24% , 47. 56% , and 30. 47% for three piles, respectively. In addition, germination index showed that all the piles became thoroughly decomposed, and three-dimensional fluorescence results showed the maturity of products from Z1 and Z2 was higher than that in Z3. Two seasons pot experiments showed the best plant growth promotion effects were best in the treatment amended with compost produced from Z2 and control added with chemical fertilizer. The initial C/N value of 25 was suitable for composting, which could enhance the maturity effi- ciency of raw materials, reduce the loss of nutrients, and produce high quality product.
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期127-134,154,共9页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(15)100606]
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KYZ201519)
苏北专项(BN2015082)
国家重点研发专项(2016YFD0800605)
政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项项目(2016YFE0101100)
江苏省高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015A061)
"青蓝工程"资助和校大学生创新训练项目(1513A09)
关键词
猪粪
碳氮比
堆肥
腐熟度
pig manure
C/N
composting
maturity
