摘要
除富含不饱和脂肪酸的茶油外,油茶中还含有茶多糖、茶皂素、茶多酚等多种生物活性成分。以油茶生物活性物质的提取和制备为前提,本研究以简单、有效地提取茶油为目标,以油茶籽含油率为指标,在索氏抽提法单因素实验基础上,选择提取时间、提取温度、提取溶剂种类和单次样品重量为影响因素进行正交优化实验。结果表明,油茶索氏提取的最佳条件为:提取时间6 h、提取温度80℃、有机溶剂丙酮、单次样品重量4 g。该条件下茶籽含油率达43.24%±0.53%。该条件下测得4种油茶整籽和种仁的含油率从高到低依次为广宁红花油茶、普通油茶、小果油茶和高州油茶;广宁红花油茶的整籽和种仁含油率均最高,且饼粕含油率最低,分别为49.7%、67.5%和6.1%。优化后的油茶索氏抽提条件,适用于茶油成分的有效提取和针对油茶籽油的定量分析。
In addition to high concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids in Camellia oil, Camellia oleifera also contains polysaecharides, saponins, polyphenols and other bioaetive ingredients. On the premise of the extraction and preparation of bioactive substance from C. oleifera ,with simple and effective extraction of oil as the goal in this study, oil content as index, the orthogonal design was carried out to investigate the effect of extraction time, extraction temperature, extraction solvent kinds and weight of single sample after single factor test with soxhlet extraction method.The results showed that the optimum conditions of soxhlet extraction were as follows ： extraction time 6 h, temperature 80 ℃, organic solvent acetone, single sample weight 4 g. Under this condition, the content of C. oleifera seed oil was more than 43.24% ＋ 0.53%.The oil contents of both whole seeds and seed kernels from high to low were followed by C. semiserrata Chi, C. oleifera Abel, C. meiocarpa Hu and C. gauchowensis Chang.The highest oil contents of both whole seeds and seed kernels were from C. semiserrata Chi, while oil content of seed cakes was the lowest, which were 49.7%, 67.5% and 6.1%, respectively. The optimized soxhlet extraction conditions were applicable for the effective extraction and the quantitative analysis of C. oleifera seed oil.
作者
王静
张盟雨
张应中
王明怀
WANG Jing ZHANG Meng-yu ZHANG Ying-zhong WANG Ming-huai(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou 510520, China Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China)
出处
《食品工业科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第21期42-46,51,共6页
Science and Technology of Food Industry
基金
广东省林业科技创新项目(2017KJCX003)
广东省省级科技计划重点项目(2015B020202002)
广东省省级科技计划项目(2014A020208043)
关键词
索氏抽提法
油茶籽油
提取
测定
soxhlet extraction
Camellia ole^fera oil
extraction
determination
