摘要
目的运用倾向得分匹配的方法,比较双亲家庭与单亲家庭孩子心理健康(焦虑、抑郁、孤独感、自尊、自信、家庭生活满意度)的差异及其与幸福感关系中抚养人身份的作用。方法数据来源于中国儿童青少年心理发育特征调查项目社会适应数据库(收集于2009年)。采用分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法进行抽样,研究对象为中国内地31个省(自治区、直辖市)的100个区县6~15岁儿童,共计23 499名。再运用倾向得分匹配的方法,对双亲与单亲家庭孩子进行匹配,得到双亲家庭与单亲家庭孩子各1203名,对相关数据进行差异检验、相关分析、回归分析。结果倾向得分匹配后抚养人为非父母的条件下,双亲家庭与单亲家庭孩子在抑郁(4.46±3.234 vs.5.29±3.808,P<0.001,d=-0.237)、自尊(27.15±4.303 vs.26.05±4.838,P<0.001,d=0.241)以及家庭生活满意度(3.23±0.570 vs.3.02±0.699,P<0.001,d=0.333)上差异均有统计学意义。对于双亲家庭的孩子,抚养人身份在抑郁、家庭生活满意度与幸福感关系中调节作用均有统计学意义(β=0.229和-0.239,P<0.05)。简单斜率检验表明,以抑郁为自变量,幸福感为因变量时,非父母组对幸福感的负向预测作用高于父母组(父母组:简单斜率=-0.393,t=-28.98,P<0.001;非父母组:简单斜率=-0.321,t=-13.68,P<0.001)。以家庭生活满意度为自变量,幸福感为因变量时,父母组对幸福感的正向预测作用高于非父母组(父母组:简单斜率=1.474,t=15.78,P<0.001;非父母组:简单斜率=1.024,t=7.03,P<0.001)。结论双亲家庭孩子心理健康水平优于单亲家庭孩子,非父母抚养的双亲与单亲孩子心理健康差距比父母抚养的更大,并且抚养人身份为父母的双亲家庭孩子,其家庭生活满意度、抑郁对幸福感的影响更大。
Objective To compare the difference of mental health（ anxiety,depression,loneliness,self-esteem,self-confidence,family life satisfaction） and the role of raising people＇s identity in happiness relationship between two-parents family children and single parent family children by propensity score matching（ PSM）. Methods Datafrom Social Adaptation Database of National Children ＇s Study of China. Stratified and population-based cluster random sampling method was used to sample,a total of 23 499 subjects were 6-15 year-old children coming from 31 provinces of 100 districts and counties in China's Mainland. Then the PSM method was used to match 1203 children from two-parents and single parent family children. The data were analyzed by difference tests,variance analysis and regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in depression（ 4. 46 ± 3. 234 vs. 5. 29 ± 3. 808,P 0. 001,d =-0. 237）,self-esteem（ 27. 15 ± 4. 303 vs. 26. 05 ± 4. 838,P 0. 001,d = 0. 241） and family life satisfaction（ 3. 23 ± 0. 570 vs. 3. 02 ± 0. 699,P 0. 001,d = 0. 333） between two-parents and single parent family children in the condition of non-parental support after PSM. The effect of dependent status on depression,family life satisfaction and well-being was statistically significant for the two-parents family children（ β = 0. 229,β =-0. 239,P 0. 05）. The simple slope test showed that the negative predictive effect of non-parental group on happiness was higher than that of parental group when depression was the independent variable and well-being was the dependent variable（ parental group： simple slope =-0. 393,t =-28. 98,P 0. 001; non-parental group： simple slope =-0. 321,t =-13. 68,P 0. 001）. The positive predictive effect of parental group on well-being was higher than that of non-parental group when family life satisfaction was the independent variable and well-being was dependent variable（ parental group： simple slope = 1. 474,t = 15. 78,P 0. 001; non-parental group： simple slope = 1. 024,t = 7. 03,P 0. 001）.Conclusion The mental health of two-parents family children is better than that of single parent family children,and children of non-parental supporters have more mental health disparity than that of parental supporters. Their family life satisfaction and depression have a greater sense of effect on happiness for two-parents family children of parental supporter.
出处
《卫生研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期709-716,共8页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题(No.CBA120108)
关键词
单亲家庭
心理健康
幸福感
倾向得分匹配
single parent family
mental health
happiness
propensity score matching
