摘要
天然打草场在中国草地畜牧业中具有非常重要的功能,是保障草畜季节平衡、确保家畜安全过冬,灾后应急救援的饲草储备资源。目前关于天然打草场的资源分布与生物量高低等信息的研究欠缺,限制了区域性饲草储备资源的有效利用。该研究利用遥感技术和实地调查相结合的方法对陈巴尔虎旗天然打草场的资源分布及生物量估算进行了全面调查。结果表明:陈巴尔虎旗天然打草场面积达80.28×104 hm^2,其中鄂温克民族苏木打草场面积居首位,为22.69×104 hm^2,巴彦哈达苏木、东乌珠尔苏木、呼和诺尔镇及西乌珠尔苏木的打草场面积次之,面积均大于9.00×104 hm^2,宝日希勒镇面积最小,为0.64×10~4 hm^2。基于MODIS-NDVI与打草场实测量建立的反演模型相对误差为20.56%,能够比较准确地估算牧草产量;陈巴尔虎旗天然打草场平均生物量为1.24×10~3 kg/hm^2,总生物量为992.90×106 kg,生物量空间分布呈东高西低,鄂温克苏木打草场总生物量较高,为304.21×10~6 kg,巴彦哈达苏木次之,为221.01×10~6 kg,其他苏木占47.10%;研究区天然打草场面积和生物量主要分布在温性草原和温性草甸草原,少量分布在低地草甸草原、山地草甸草原及沙地草原。该研究结果可为将来分析典型牧区陈巴尔虎旗天然打草场变化提供数据支撑。
The natural mowing grassland plays an important role in grassland animal husbandry, which is not only the forage reserve resource for ensuring the seasonal balance of grassland and livestock, but also can ensure the safe wintering of livestock as forage grassland and post-disaster emergency rescue of forage grass resources reserves in China. However, the information about the resource distribution and biomass estimate of mowing pasture in natural grassland in China is lacked,which limits the effective utilization of regional forage reserve resources. Therefore, a systematic study on forage harvesting in natural grassland is necessary and important. In this study, the estimation of resource distribution and biomass of Chen Barag Banner in the Hulunber meadow steppe in north-eastern China was carried out by using remote sensing technology and field investigation. The field investigation was conducted in 2015 and the investigation time was from the middle of July to the end of July. The results showed that the area of forage harvesting pasture in the Chen Barag Banner regions was 80.28×104 hm^2,which accounted for 90.37% of fixed harvesting pasture and 9.63% of temporary harvesting pasture. Among them, the largest area of forage harvesting pasture appeared in Ewenke village, reaching 2.28×105 hm^2, followed by Bayanhada village, east Wuzhuer village, Hohnuor village and west Wuzhuer village; the pasture area of each village was larger than 9.00×104 hm^2,and the pasture area of Baorixile village was the smallest, which was 0.64×104 hm^2. Combining the simultaneous MODIS-NDVI（normalized differential vegetation index） datum with biomass investigation of cutting pasture, a relation model between MODIS-NDVI and biomass was developed, and the relative error of the production estimation model was 20.56%. It was feasible for the power function model to be applied in remote sensing monitoring. The average biomass of Chen Barag Banner natural cutting grassland was 1.24×10^3 kg/hm^2, and the total biomass was 992.90×10^6 kg, among which the largest village biomass was Ewenke village, reaching 304.21×106 kg, Bayanhada village was 221.01×10^6 kg, and the other villages accounted for 47.10% of cutting pasture biomass. Temperate steppe（55.94%） and temperate meadow steppe（31.25%） were the main vegetation types for those pastures, and the lowland meadow steppe（4.89%）, mountain meadow（5.94%） and desert steppe（1.99%） were distributed with a small area. The area of temperate grassland and temperate meadow grassland was44.91×104 and 25.09×104 hm^2, and the biomass was 532.04×10^6 and 330.87×10^6 kg, respectively. The proportions of grassland area and biomass of other types of grasslands were only 12.81% and 13.09%, respectively. The results have made up for the deficiency for the area data of the region forage harvesting pasture and provided data support for analysis of forage harvesting pasture changes of Chen Barag Banner in the Hulunber meadow steppe of north-eastern China in the future.
作者
闫瑞瑞
唐欢
丁蕾
姚静
陈宝瑞
辛晓平
王旭
闫晓红
牛文远
Yan Ruirui Tang Huan Ding Lei Yao Jing Chen Baorui Xin Xiaoping Wang Xu Yah Xiaohong Niu Wenyuan(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Researeh Station, Beijing 100081, China Tong Ling Univerisity, Anhui 244000, China , Inner Mongolia Hotision Monsod Drought Resistant Greening INC, Hohhot 010000, China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第15期210-218,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303060)
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500601)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132016033
1610132016027)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-34)资助
关键词
遥感
植被
模型
天然打草场
资源分布
NDVI
生物量估算
remote sensing
vegetation
models
natural mowing grassland
resource distribution
NDVI
biomass estimation
