摘要
目的了解甘肃省白银市法定报告的呼吸道传染病发病情况及流行特征,为制定防控策略和实施措施提供依据。方法根据国家相关法律法规和工作方案等进行法定传染病的诊断与网络报告,使用Excel 2007和Spss 22.0软件,采用描述流行病学方法分析数据。结果 2011—2015年白银市累计报告呼吸道传染病8种11 477例,发病率133.54/10万;各年度发病率分别为138.99/10万、179.48/10万、136.94/10万、115.80/10万和96.91/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 186.34,P<0.01);报告病例数较多的是肺结核病、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒、猩红热和风疹,占呼吸道传染病总数的99.53%;报告病例主要为农民及学生,占总病例数的75.51%,各病种职业构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8 171.375,P<0.01);男性报告发病率79.69/10万,女性53.85/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=317.79,P<0.01);病例报告具有明显的季节性,冬春季构成比较高,占报告发病总数的67.39%。结论肺结核病、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒、猩红热及风疹是白银市呼吸道传染病的重点病种,农民、学生、散居儿童及托幼儿童是报告发病的重点人群。
Objective To analyze the morbidity and epidemic features of respiratory infectious diseases reported in Baiyin city, Gansu province and provide evidence for developing and implementing prevention and control strategy. Methods Data of respiratory infectious diseases from 2011 to 2015 reported by network were analyzed by Excel 2007 and Spss 22.0. Results There were 11 477 cases of 9 respiratory infectious diseases reported accumulatively, with the incidence of 133.54/100 000.The annual incidence was 138.99/100 000, 179.48/100 000, 136.94/100 000, 115.80/100 000 and 96.91/100 000 from 2011 to2015 respectively, and the statistical difference was significant（χ~2=1 186.34, P〈0.01）. Pulmonary tuberculosis, mumps, influenza, scarlet fever and rubella held 99.53% of total respiratory infectious diseases. The reported cases were mainly farmers and students with the proportion of 75.51%, and occupational difference was statistically significant（χ~2=8 171.375, P〈0.01）.The reported incidence of the male was 79.69/100 000, more than that of the female（53.85/100 000）, with statistical difference between them（χ~2=317.79, P〈0.01）. The distribution of reported cases was obviously seasonal（67.39%） in winter and spring. Conclusions The respiratory infectious diseases of pulmonary tuberculosis, mumps and influenza, scarlet fever and rubella are the key diseases in Baiyin. Farmers, students and children who lived scattered and in child center are the key populations in the case report.
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2017年第4期22-24,30,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
呼吸道传染病
报告病例
流行特征
Respiratory infectious disease
Reported cases
Epidemic feature
