摘要
生物群集行为是一种普遍存在的自然现象,群体中的个体利用简单的规则、局部的交互,形成了鲁棒性强、自适应度高、可扩展性好的自组织行为,在系统层面体现为智能的涌现。本文首先简要叙述了蚁群、蜂群、鸽群、鱼群等典型的生物群集,并从组织结构的分布式、行为主体的简单性、作用模式的灵活性、系统整体的智能性等方面分析了生物群体智能的特点。然后,介绍了部分具有代表性的无人机集群项目,总结了无人机集群的关键技术,包括集群态势感知、自主编队控制、智能协同决策。最后,从生物群集和无人机集群在直观上的相似性出发,分析了生物群体和无人机集群自主控制的映射关系,并探讨了仿生物群集的无人机集群自主控制中的核心问题。
Through simple rules and local interactions, social groups exhibit robust, scalable and flexible global behaviors, which are useful for applications in engineering areas. In this paper, we first introduce collective behaviors of biological systems, such as colonies of ants, flocks of birds, colonies of bees and schools of fish, and summarize the properties of these social groups. Then we analyze the key techniques of unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） swarms, including mass UAV management and control, swarm perception and situation sharing, multiple UAV autonomous fi）rmation flight, and swarm cooperative decision making. Afterwards, we briefly sort the UAV swarms that take inspiration from the self-organized behaviors of social animals Finally, we outline open problems and possible research directions in collective motion.
出处
《科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第7期17-25,共9页
Science & Technology Review
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(61333004)
关键词
生物群集行为
无人机
集群
自主控制
collective behaviors
unmanned aerial vehicles
swarm
autonomous control
