摘要
目的分析安徽省常住居民死亡水平、死亡原因和期望寿命,为制定疾病防控策略提供依据。方法收集国家"人口死亡信息登记管理系统"中安徽省2014年全国疾病监测点的数据,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、死因顺位、期望寿命和去死因期望寿命等指标。结果安徽省2014年23个全国疾病监测点常住居民老龄系数为10.18%,人群死亡率和标化死亡率分别为624.94/10万和551.44/10万,居民人均期望寿命77.72岁。死亡率男性(716.95/10万)高于女性(530.53/10万)(U=44.81,P<0.05)、农村(659.26/10万)高于城市(587.56/10万)(U=17.22,P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义;人均期望寿命女性(80.59岁)高于男性(75.33岁)、城市(78.20岁)高于农村(77.12岁)。慢性病占总死因的86.87%,居民死因顺位前5位为恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害。对男性和女性期望寿命影响最大的疾病分别为恶性肿瘤和脑血管疾病,伤害对男性期望寿命的耗损大于女性,而心脏病对女性期望寿命的耗损大于男性。对城市和农村期望寿命影响最大的分别为恶性肿瘤和脑血管疾病。结论慢性病尤其是恶性肿瘤和心脑血管疾病对安徽省居民健康影响日趋严重,在疾病防控中,应根据性别、城乡和年龄差异,采取针对性的综合防控措施。
Objective To analyze the mortality,death cause and life expectancy in residents in Anhui in 2014 and provide scientific references for formulating strategies of disease control. Methods The death data of diseases surveillance points（ DSPs） of Anhui province in 2014 were collected from the＂Information System for Death Cause Register and Management＂.The crude mortality,age-standardized mortality,proportion and rank of death cause,and life expectancy were calculated.Results The aging coefficient of local residents in 23 DSPs of Anhui was 10. 18%. The crude mortality rate and agestandardized mortality rate was 624. 94 /100 000 and 551. 44 /100 000 respectively,and the average life expectancy was 77. 72 years. The crude mortality rate was higher in males（ 716. 95 /100 000） than in females（ 530. 53 /100 000）,the differences were significant（ U = 44. 81,P〈 0. 05）. The crude mortality rate was higher in rural area（ 659. 26 /100 000） than that in urban area（ 587. 56 /100 000）,the differences were significant（ U = 17. 22,P〈 0. 05）. The average life expectancy of females（ 80. 59 years） was higher than that of males（ 75. 33 years）,and the life expectancy of urban population（ 78. 20years） was higher than that of rural population（ 77. 12 years）. The chronic diseases accounted for 86. 87% of the total causes of death. The top five causes of death were malignant tumor,cerebrovascular disease,heart disease,respiratory disease and injury. The malignant tumor and cerebrovascular disease had the greatest influence on male and female life expectancy,respectively. The loss year of injury to male average life expectancy was higher than to female life expectancy. The malignant tumor and cerebral vascular disease had the greatest influence on the life expectancy of urban and rural populations,respectively. Conclusion The chronic and non-communicable diseases,especially malignant tumors and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, have become serious public health problems. It is necessary to take targeted comprehensive prevention and control measures.
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2017年第1期71-76,共6页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
死亡率
死亡原因
期望寿命
疾病监测系统
Mortality
Cause of death
Life expectancy
Disease surveillance system
