摘要
目的了解山东省寿光市蔬菜大棚从业人员职业性肌肉骨骼损伤(WMSD)防护认知现状和干预需求。方法采用立意抽样法,对1 780名大棚从业人员进行WMSD防护知识态度及需求问卷调查;采用便利抽样和立意抽样方法,共选择14名调查对象进行焦点小组访谈。结果 66.0%(1 174/1 780)的大棚从业人员认为WMSD是一种严重的职业危害;只有20.3%(362/1 780)的大棚从业人员知晓WMSD防护知识;有54.7%(974/1 780)的大棚从业人员表示如果了解相关知识,会按照要求进行防护;有96.7%(1 721/1 780)的大棚从业人员有意愿参加关于WMSD防护的健康教育培训。随着大棚从业人员文化程度的提高,对WMSD严重性的知晓率越低(P<0.01),对WMSD防护知识的知晓率越高(P<0.05),愿意参加培训者越多(P<0.01);种植工龄≥20.0年组的大棚从业人员对WMSD严重性的知晓率高于种植工龄<20.0年组(68.9%vs 61.5%,P<0.01);WMSD患者对WMSD严重性的知晓率高于非WMSD者(67.2%vs 61.6%,P<0.05)。大棚从业人员最需要的健康干预是专业的健康教育以及适用的防护用品和助力工具。结论蔬菜大棚从业人员对WMSD相关的健康知识欠缺,应采取合适的方式开展健康教育,积极探索适合大棚蔬菜生产作业特点的防护用品和助力工具。
Objective To explore the cognition status and intervene needs for prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders（ WMSD） among greenhouse farmers. Methods By purpose sampling method,1 780 participants were surveyed by the Cognition Status and Intervene Needs for Prevention of WMSD Questionnaires. By convenience sampling and judgement sampling method,14 respondents were interviewed. Results 66. 0 %（ 1 174 /1 780） of subjects surveyed thought that WMSD was one of the most serious occupational hazard. Only 20. 3 %（ 362 /1 780） of subjects well understood the knowledge of preventing WMSD. 54. 7 %（ 974 /1 780） of subjects considered that they will protect themselves according to requirement. A total of 96. 7 %（ 1 721 /1 780） respondents were willing to attend training classes.With the improvement of culture level,the awareness rate of WMSD severity was decreased（ P〈0. 01）,the awareness rate of WMSD prevention knowledge was increased（ P〈0. 05） and the more was willing to attend training（ P〈0. 05）.The awareness rate of WMSD severity in plant length of service ≥ 20. 0 years was higher than that of plant length of service 20. 0 years（ 68. 9 % vs 61. 5 %,P〈0. 05）. The awareness rate of WMSD severity in WMSD patients was higher than that of non-WMSD person（ 67. 2 % vs 61. 6 %,P〈0. 05）. The most needs for the greenhouse farmers was health education intervention methods,power tools and protection of improvement and development. Conclusion The knowledge of preventing musculoskeletal disorders is deficient among greenhouse farmers. Health education suitable for farmers ＇lifestyle should be launched in greenhouse and it is essential to devise protective equipment.
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第5期582-585,共4页
China Occupational Medicine
关键词
大棚从业人员
肌肉骨骼疼痛
健康干预
Greenhouse farmers
Musculoskeletal disorders
Health intervention
