摘要
储能选型作为储能规划的重要环节,追求技术的适用性和投资成本的经济性,过程涉及多重决策指标,并且具有信息不完备、定性定量信息掺杂等特点,属于多目标多属性的复杂决策问题。层次分析法(AHP)是一种定性与定量相结合、系统化、层次化的分析方法,可以用来求解储能选型问题。鉴于储能技术的基础数据多以区间或定性描述形式呈现,所以引入区间数与层次分析法相结合的区间层次分析法(IAHP)提高选型方案的可操作性。采用IAHP法构建选型方案过程中,结合储能选型问题目前没有足够的量化数据作为决策依据,选用主客观组合赋权法确定权重,首先结合专家经验,确定一层决策指标的权重,然后基于储能技术对工况需求期望值响应程度的差异性,采用熵值法确定二层决策权重,以保证选型结果具备较好的工程适用性。最后选取平抑某20MW(峰值)光伏电站出力波动工况开展算例分析,通过计算在该工况条件下,工况适用性最高的为锂电池,其次是液流电池和普通铅酸电池,钠硫电池、胶体电池和铅炭电池的工况适用性较差。通过案例分析证明,该储能选型方法可实现互有优劣势的不同储能类型间的综合量化对比,可在理论方法上为储能规划提供技术支撑。
The selection of energy storage is an important part of energy storage planning, which pursues the applicability of technology and the economy of investment cost. The process involves multiple decision index, and with incomplete information, qualitative and quantitative information doping and so on, so it is a complex decision problem with multi objective and multi attribute. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP） is a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, systematic, hierarchical analysis method, and it can be used to solve the problem of energy storage selection. The basic data of energy storage technology are presented in the form of interval or qualitative description, so the interval analytic hierarchy process （IAHP） which is a combination of interval numbers and analytic hierarchy process is adopted to improve the operability of the selection scheme. In the process of building selection model using the IAHP method, because there are not enough quantitative data to be used as a decision-making basis, subjective and objective combination weighting method is chosen for determining the weight of the index. Firstly, the weight of the first level decision index is determined based on the expert＇s experience. Then, the difference of the response degree of the energy storage technology to the expected value of the working condition is considered to determine the second layer decision weights based on entropy method. Finally, the verification of the scheme is carried out, in the condition of stabilizing output fluctuation, based on a 20 MW PV power plant. The results show that the applicability of lithium battery is highest, the second is the liquid flow battery and the common lead acid battery, the sodium sulfur battery, the colloid battery and the lead carbon battery are relatively poor. Through the case analysis, it is proved that the method can realize the comprehensive quantitative comparison between different energy storage types, which can provide technical support for the energy storage planning in the theoretical method.
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第9期2707-2714,共8页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
国家电网公司科技项目:储能融合可控负荷提升供热地区风电就地消纳能力的关键技术研究及应用(KY-SG-2016-204-JLDKY)~~
关键词
光伏电站
储能选型
电池储能
工况特征
平抑波动
photovoltaic power station
energy storage selection
battery energy storage
characteristics of working condition
stabilize fluctuation
