摘要
为了有效评估高速铁路列车电磁环境对人体健康的影响,以武汉—广州高速铁路列车（简称武广高铁）离线电弧射频和车内低频电磁暴露为对象,采用现场测试与实验室半实物仿真试验相结合的方式对弓网离线电弧射频开展了研究,即针对高铁线路诸如电分相、锚段关节等一些易发生较大离线电弧的典型位置在武广线开展了现场实测来获得高铁内弓网离线电弧高频电场骚扰强度的频谱特性,在车内对窗口、中轴线、车厢连接端、关键设备等位置进行了现场实测来获得车内低频磁场特性,采用西南交大自主研发的弓网电弧检测系统进行了半实物仿真试验来获得牵引电流、接触压力等参数对弓网离线电弧等效电场骚扰强度的影响,通过对高铁电磁环境实测值与国家标准GB 8702—2014及国际非电离辐射防护委员会（ICNIRP）指南等标准的比较,以及铁路从业人员一些疾病的危险比评估,来分析长期效应对人体健康的影响。研究结果表明：弓网离线电弧频谱主要分布在0.009~500MHz范围内,尤以30~300 MHz之间频谱最为丰富;通过扫频数据计算得到电分相处弓网离线电弧辐射功率密度的时频分布图;基于点频数据采用最小二乘拟合法对高铁离线电弧电磁发射进行统计分析后得到线性回归计算式;由半实物仿真试验得出弓网离线等效电场骚扰强度与列车速度、牵引电流、弓网接触压力有关;车内低频磁场磁感应强度在0.102~34μT范围内;弓网离线电弧高频电磁骚扰对人体健康影响不大,低频磁场符合国内健康标准。该研究结果可以为高铁电气化轨道交通的设计和电磁干扰的抑制以及对人体生物电磁学影响的研究提供必要的数据支持。
To evaluate the influence of high speed rail train＇s electromagnetic exposure on human health, the high frequency electromagnetic field and low frequency magnetic field exposure based on Wuhan--Guangzhou line test were studied. Field test and semi-physical simulation test were used to study the radiated frequency interference of pantograph-catenary off-line arc, the spectrum tests were carried out in typical positions such as electrical section, overlapping section and common positions. With the pantograph-catenary arc detection system independent developed by Southwest Jiaotong University, the relationship between the arc＇s equivalent electromagnetic emission and parameters such as train speed, pantograph-catenary contact force and traction current were studied. The low frequency magnetic field of the train window, central axis, connection terminal and other key equipments were also measured. Compared the GB 8702--2014 and ICNIRP with the electromagnetic environment measured value, evaluated the risk factor of some diseases, the long-term effects on human health were analyzed. The results show： Pantograph-catenary arc spectrum is mainly distributed in the range of 0.009-500 MHz, especially to 30-300 MHz. By point frequency test, time-frequency distribution graph of the arc＇s radiated power intensity is obtained. Statistical analysis of the arc＇s electromagnetic emission is given, and linear regression equation is obtained with least square method. Electric field disturbance intensity is related to speed, traction current and contact pressure. The low frequency magnetic field values are in the range of 0.102~34 ~tT. The arc＇s high-frequency electromagnetic disturbance is not affected to the human health; Although the low-frequency magnetic field is in line with the national health standard. This paper can provide necessary data base for the integrated designs, electromagnetic interference suppression schemes of high-speed rail transit, and further study on the influence of human biological electromagnetism.
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第8期2587-2595,共9页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
民航创新引导资金(MHRD20140109)~~
关键词
弓网电弧
电弧干扰
电磁环境
半实物仿真试验
拟合曲线
pantograph-catenary arc
arcing emission
electromagnetic environment
semi-physical simulation test
fitting curve
