摘要
【目的】以湖南省衡东县为例,研究近十年蔬菜农药残留的变化规律,为衡东县蔬菜农药残留控制措施的制定提供科学依据。【方法】采用农药残留快速检测法,对2005~2014年衡东县专业蔬菜基地、农贸市场、9个超市的叶菜类、豆菜类、茄菜类和瓜菜类等四大类蔬菜的17912批蔬菜样品进行抽样检测,计算农药残留超标率,并对各类蔬菜的农药残留超标状况进行统计分析。【结果】近10年衡东县蔬菜农药残留整体水平逐年下降,超标率从2005年的10.84%下降到2014年的3.03%;蔬菜农药残留随季节变化较明显,超标率表现为秋季〉夏季〉冬季〉春季;农药残留超标的蔬菜主要是豆菜类、叶菜类和茄菜类蔬菜,瓜菜类蔬菜超标较少;超市和农贸市场的蔬菜农药残留超标率明显高于专业生产基地,外地蔬菜的农药残留超标率高于本地蔬菜。【建议】加强宣传,提高农产品质量安全意识;强化技术培训,大力推广无公害蔬菜生产技术;强化基地准出和市场准入检测,保证上市蔬菜质量安全;加快蔬菜基地建设,推进蔬菜无公害产业化生产经营。
[Objective]With Hengdong county, Hunan province as a case, the vegetable pesticide residues in the last decade were studied, in order to provide scientific basis for the development of vegetable safety and pesticide management-related regulations and policies. [ Method ]A total of 17912 batches of samples from farmers markets, supermarkets of Hengdong county were detected by pesticide residues rapid detection method during 2005-2014, including leaf, leguminous, eggplant and cucurbitaceous vegetables, and pesticide residues exceeding rate of vegetable were statistically analyzed. [Result]The results showed that, the pesticide residues in vegetables decreased year by year, pesticide residues exceeding rate fell from 10.84%（2005） to 3.03%（2014） in the last 10 years. Vegetable pesticide residues changed greatly with seasonal variation, the order of pesticide residues exceeding rates in four seasons was autumn〉summer〉winter〉spring. Furthermore, the pesticide residues of leguminous, leafy and eggplant vegetables exceeded standard, while the pesticide residues of cueurbitaeeous vegetables less exceeded standard. The pesticide residues exceeding rate of supermarkets and farmers markets were significantly higher than that of production base, that of ecdemic vegetables was also higher than that of local vegetables. [Suggestion]Some suggestions are put forward, which include strengthening publicity to raise safety awareness on the quality of agricultural products, enhancing technical training to vigorously promote pollution-free vegetable production technology, strengthening production base prospective testing and market access testing to ensure vegetable quality security, accelerating construction of vegetable production base to promote pollution-free vegetable production.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期1135-1139,共5页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
农业部农业生态环境保护项目(农财发[2014]39号)
关键词
蔬菜
例行监测
农药残留
规律分析
对策
湖南省衡东县
vegetable
routine monitoring
pesticides residues
variation regularity
countermeasure
Hengdong county, Hunan province
