摘要
【目的】对广西毛葡萄产区野生葡萄酒相关酵母菌的种类进行鉴定及分布研究,明确毛葡萄产区主要酵母种类及分布规律,为当地酿酒酵母资源的开发利用打下基础。【方法】从葡萄果实表面和果实自然发酵汁中分离、纯化野生葡萄酒相关酵母,利用WL培养基对分离获得的酵母菌株进行分类,从每一类型中选取代表菌株进行26S r DNA基因测序鉴定并进行系统进化分析。【结果】从葡萄果实表面及自然发酵汁中共分离获得180株酵母菌株,根据菌株在WL培养基上的颜色及菌落形态差异将180株酵母菌归为5类。26S r DNA基因序列分析结果表明,20株代表菌株分属于6个属9个种,分别为:汉逊酵母属的Hanseniaspora thailandica、H.opuntiae、H.occidentalis和H.guilliermondii;毕赤酵母属的Pichia pastoris;伊萨酵母属的Issatchenkia terricola;酿酒酵母属的Saccharomyces cerevisiae;Saturnispora属的S.diversa和红酵母属(Rhodutorula,未鉴定到种)。葡萄汁自然发酵过程中由H.thailandica启动发酵,随后出现H.thailandica、H.opuntiae、H.occidentalis、H.guilliermondii和S.diversa,最后由S.cerevisiae逐渐主导并控制发酵。【结论】在广西都安县毛葡萄产区生态环境中存在6个属9个种的葡萄酒相关酵母菌,其中H.guilliermondii是毛葡萄果表优势酵母菌种;在毛葡萄自然发酵汁中存在汉逊酵母的4个不同种及S.diversa和S.cerevisiae,随着发酵环境的变化此消彼长。
[ Objective ]In order to lay foundation for development and utilization of wine-related yeast in Guangxi, the wine-related yeasts were identified and their distribution were studied to determinate species and distribution of wine-related yeasts in Vitis quinquangularis Rehd. producing area of Guangxi. [ Method ]The wine-related yeasts were isolated from grape surface and spontaneous fermentation juice, and classified using WL nutrient medium. Then, the selected representative strains from each type were identified using 26S rDNA gene sequencing method. [Result]A total of 180 strains were isolated from grape surface and spontaneous fermentation juice, which were classified into five types based on strain color and colonial morphology on the WL nutrient medium. The 26S rDNA gene sequencing results showed that, 20 repre- sentative strains were identified as 9 species of 6 genera, including Hanseniaspora thailandica, H. opuntiae, H. occidentalis, H. guilliermondii, Pichia pastons, Issatchenkia terricola, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saturnispora diversa and other unidentified species belonging to Rhodutorula. During spontaneous fermentation, H. thailandica started spontaneous fermentation, and then H. thailandica, H. opuntiae, H. occidentalis, H. guilliermondii, S. diversa came out, finally were replaced and dominated by S. cerevisiae. [Conclusion]There are 9 species of wine-related yeasts belonging to six genera in ecological environment of V. quinquangularis producing area in Du ＇an, Guangxi, and H. guilliermondii is dominant species on grape surface, four species belonging to Hanseniaspora, S. diversa and S. cerevisiae grow and decline with change of environment during spontaneous fermentation.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期1123-1128,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
广西自然科学基金项目(2013jj BA30059)
关键词
毛葡萄
葡萄酒相关酵母
种群分布
系统发育进化树
广西都安县
Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.
wine-related yeast
population distribution
phylogenetic tree
Du＇an,Guangxi
